1 60 Chionaspis. 



CHIONASPIS SIMPLEX, sp. nov. 

 (Plate LVII.) 



Female puparium ( fig. 2) snowy white, opaque, elongate, narrow, 

 moderately convex above, often curved or much distorted. Pellicles yellow, 

 transparent ; the second pellicle usually partly obscured by an opaque covering 

 of white secretion, the exposed parts appearing bright orange from the colour of 

 the insect below. When freed from the scale by maceration, the margin of the 

 second pellicle is found to be deeply incised and irregularly frayed i^fig. 7) ; its 

 extremity without lobes, and without any trace of the rostral apparatus and 

 limbs. The first pellicle seems to be very easily detached. It is absent in the 

 greater number of examples examined. The ventral scale is as well developed 

 and as compact as the dorsal, completely enclosing the insect {fig. 3). The 

 secretionary area resists^ to a great extent, the action of boiling liquor potassae. 

 Length 2 to 2*50 mm. Breadth o'5o to i mm. 



Male puparium not known. 



Adult female {fig. 4) bright orange : no eye-spots. Oblong oval, narrowly 

 rounded in front, bluntly pointed behind. Four free abdominal segments above 

 the pygidium. Margin of thoracic and abdominal segments with numerous 

 pores communicating with small spinneret ducts. Parastigmatic glands 

 represented by one to three pores at each spiracle. Pygidium {figs. 5, 6) 

 without any lobes or squames. Margin with three main indentations indicating 

 the boundaries of the first, second, and third spaces. The mesal incision 

 is in the form of a minute pit. Four small hair-like spines on each side. 

 Circumgenital glands in seven groups, encircling the genital aperture. The 

 supplementary groups are situated on the first lateral space posterior to the 

 normal lower laterals. Median group, 19 to 22; upper laterals, 30 to 35; 

 lower laterals, 50 to 55 ; posterior groups, 15 to 25. Anal considerably anterior 

 to genital aperture, close to base of pygidium. Both surfaces of pygidium 

 minutely but strongly ribbed. On the ventral surface are numerous small 

 circular pores, with thickened rims, scattered irregularly over the marginal 

 area {fig. 5). On the dorsal surface the usual series of large oval pores are 

 much broken up and displaced {fig 6). Length r25 to I'So mm. Parasitised 

 examples become abnormally distended and reach a length of 175 mm. 

 Breadth, o"6o to 075 mm. 



Adult male unknown. 



Eggs very numerous ; bright orange yellow. 



Young larva orange yellow ; elongate ; caudal sets three-quarters length of 

 body. 



Habitat beneath leaf sheaths of the smaller twigs of the common yellow- 

 stemmed bamboo. Pundaluoya. The scales are crowded together beneath the 

 shelter of the imbricating sheaths. Though concealed from view, they are very 

 extensively parasitised by minute hymenoptera. 



