64 Forestry Quarterly 



1. Instruction of forest owners by wandering teachers, ex- 

 cursions, publications and forestry courses in agricultural and 

 winter schools. 



2. Providing good plant material at low prices and advice as tO' 

 its best use. 



3. Money prizes and diplomas. 



4. Financial assistance for larger public undertakings (re- 

 forestation of waste lands, etc). 



5. Increase of supervising forest officials and opportunity to 

 secure counsel from them. But the best plea, the speaker con- 

 tended, is purchase by the State or corporation. 



In addition to these measures Dr. Schwappach's propositions 

 were formulated into resolutions: 



1. Preservation and promotion of such forms of ownership, 

 which suit best a forest management (entailed estates and as- 

 sociated ownership). 



2. Removal of such rules and regulations (or statutes) which 

 in loan and sale transactions threaten the existence of the stock. 



3. Securing efficient administration through the State, by local 

 commissions of interested owners or associations, (such as exist 

 under the modern social organization), or by the owners them- 

 selves. 



4. Improvement in the wood trade and in obtaining plant- 

 material. 



5. Creation of an efficient fire insurance. 



The formation of association ownership is especially recom- 

 mended, although the associations for reforestation have fallen 

 ofP to about 1 1 % of what were once in existence due to the ob- 

 jection to State supervision. 



The same subject, namely the need of improvement in private- 

 forest management, was also discussed in Styria, where 65% of 

 the forest area is in small holdings. The retrogression of this 

 property, .slowl}^ but surely, was pointed out. The lack of suf- 

 ficient personnel, the laws for the promotion of private increase of 

 forest officials and management remain useless. Popular educa- 

 tion were the methods mainly advocated to secure improvement. 



Haupiversauirnluiig des deut%chen Forstvereins and Generalversamnilnvg 

 des Steiermdrkischen Forstvereins. Ceutralblatt fur das gesammte Forst- 

 wesen, Dec, 1905, pp. 514-516, Jan., 1906, p. 35 ff. 



