220 Forestry Quarterly. 



The White Pine, planted with Alder as nurse, has proved itself 

 adapted, at least on the better sites, in the mixture with the other 

 species. 



On other, deeper portions of the moor a composite forest was at- 

 tempted, with Ash and White Birch as overwood, and the same spe- 

 cies with Black Alder added, as underwood. All three made thrifty 

 growth, the first cut being made in 6 to 7 years, after which a rota- 

 tion of 10 to 12 years is proposed. It was found that accidental 

 White Alders were preferable, propagating by suckers in addition to 

 stock sprouts. The Ash first suffered from frost, but became better 

 and better adapted. The Birch was found good for overwood but 

 poor for underwood, its stocks often giving out in 20 years. 



On the shorelands (absolute forest soil) composite forest was also 

 established, with Ash, various poplars. Elm, and Black Elder as 

 standards. White Alder, Ash, Caspian, White and Fragile Willow as 

 underwood. The poplars. Black, Silver, and Aspen, did particularly 

 well. 



On the poor shifting sands, willows are planted only for soil 

 cover — for osier rods the sites are too poor — and hence, the cheapest 

 method was desirable, sticking 14-inch cuttings at 3-feet distance 

 with an iron dibble for about $3.00 per acre. This produced the 

 desired result, binding the shifting sand in the second year. After 

 10 to 12 years the willows could be cut, and were then replaced by 

 Alder with the addition of Poplar, the evolution from waste to 

 forest. 



On the better portions of the shorelands White Alder was planted, 

 and after two thinnings underplanted with Spruce with good result. 



Altogether some 2,500 acres were reforested, and within 30 years 

 have produced the desirable climatic changes which permit success- 

 ful agriculture. 



Beobachtu7igen auf dem Gebiete der Moosaufforstungen. Schweiz- 

 erische Zeitschrift fiir Forstwesen. May, 1906, pp. 141-151. 



The owner of a hundred-thousand-acre tract 

 Reforestation of forest land in Nova Scotia makes some 



in very interesting observations with reference 



Nova Scotia to reforestation in Canada, from a practi- 



cal as well as from an economic point of 

 view. On a burned-over area of 10,000 acres of spruce land in the 

 above-mentioned tract, all the tiiaber, large and small, is being work- 



