Locating Reserves, 277 



Tie merely recommends what they shall be, on paper, leaving the 

 later marking on the ground to be done by the Geological Survey 

 -or by the executive force of the reserve. 



Usually, in the field, the examiner makes but little use of section 

 lines and corners, locating his boundaries to a very large extent 

 with reference to streams, peaks, buildings, roads, trails, patented 

 lands, base of mountain ranges, or the line between surveyed and 

 iinsurveyed areas, as shown upon his plats. 



After the completion of field work comes the preparation of maps 

 and reports. This is usually done at the Washington office during 

 the winter months. The forest map, showing distribution of forest 

 cover, has already been described. In addition, a title map is pre- 

 pared, showing location, extent and character of all alienated lands, 

 43ompiled from data secured in the land office. 



The report covers fully the points of location, area, topography, 

 'climate, silvicultural types, estimate of stand of merchantable tim- 

 ber, forest as a protective cover (including acreage and value of ir- 

 rigated and irrigable lands dependent on proposed reserve), settle- 

 ments, roads, railroads, lumbering, grazing (including amount and 

 '^character of stock, conflicting interests and merits of controversy, 

 and recommendations as to season and amount of stock to be al- 

 lowed on reserve), damage from fire, public sentiment, and neces- 

 jsary administration. 



ADDITIONS TO EXISTING RESERVES. 



These are comprised chiefly in two classes : 



( 1 ) Timberlands left out at the time of creating the reserve be- 

 cause of uncertainty, in large unsurveyed areas, as to exact location 

 of boundary recommended. 



(2) Woodland areas excluded because of uncertainty as to ex- 

 act location of lines, or because, as in some of the older reserves, it 

 was not considered worth while, from an economic point of view, to 

 reserve them. With increasing settlement of the country has come 

 an increased demand for fuel, fencing and mining timbers, and the 

 woodland areas have become recognized as of the very considerable 

 economic importance. 



In addition to these classes, there may sometimes be justified the 

 inclusion of grazing lands, comparatively small in extent, without 

 «ven a woodland growth, but of peculiar importance because of the 



