Periodical Literature. 317 



Munchenwyler in 1556, which was destroyed by a storm in 1890, 

 measured over 11 feet. Two Linden, which are supposed to have 

 been planted before the l.Sth century, namely, at Neustadt and 

 Kasberg, in Bavaria, are over 10 and 14 feet, respectively. The 

 former had already, in 1392, to be propped up with 62 posts. The 

 stoutest Linden and the stoutest tree on record in Europe is the 

 one at StafFelstein, with 15.6 feet, man-high. As a rule, however, 

 the age of 400 years is probably rarely exceeded by this species. 



Of other species there are found Acer pseudoplatanus at 1350 m 

 altitude with 9 feet diameter. The celebrated Maple under which, 

 in 1424, the Federation was founded, died in 1780, so that the 

 possibility of 600 years of age is likely. A specimen of Acer cam- 

 pestre of two feet diameter is reported from England. 



Sycamores grow to 12 and 15 feet diameter, but their age is un- 

 certain. 



Ash is supposed as long-lived as Beech, although diameters over 

 3 to 4 feet are rare. 



The Olive, Olea europaea, is reputed to possess most remarkable 

 longevitj^, but no authentic determinations exist. 



Willows, due to their remarkable reproductive power, have a 

 long life. 



The estimate of 6OO years for the best known Populus alba, near 

 the Danube, at Leipheim, with a diameter of 1 1 feet, is reduced to 

 one-half by the author. 



Populus nigra of 100 to 150 years of age are recorded with 5.6 

 and 4.5 feet diameters. 



Juglans regia with 5.3 feet, without age determination, is re- 

 ported from Switzerland. 



Ueber Lebensdauer und Dickenwachtum der Waldbdume. 

 Allgemeine Forst und Jagdzeitung. Sept., I9O6. pp. 289-291. 



Dr. J. F. Clark defines a forest weed as 

 Forest "a. plant which is injurious to the repro- 



Weeds. duction, growth or quality of wood crops." 



These fall into two classes, the first consist- 

 ing of herbaceous plants and shrubs, and the second of undesirable 

 trees. 



"The absolute necessity of light for plant development on the 

 one hand, and the possibility of shading the forest soil on the other. 



