Current Literature. 83 



Tables are given for twenty species, showing for each the 

 quantity and vakie of the cut in each province. 



In spruce himber production Quebec lead with 31.7 per cent., 

 New Brunswick next with 23.7 per cent, and Nova Scotia fur- 

 nishing 15 per cent. While the average price in Canada was 

 $14.55 P^r thousand, in United States it was $16.25 (partly the 

 difference of the duty?), the average prices in adjacent Quebec 

 and Maine being $14.28 and $16.56, respectively, at the mill. 



The total cut of white pine in Canada was about one-third that 

 of United States. Of this Ontario furnished 85 per cent., Quebec 

 6, and Nova Scotia 3.4 per cent. Only the State of Minnesota 

 cuts more white pine than Ontario. While the average price 

 for 1908 in Minnesota was $18.19, in Ontario it was $21.08. In 

 1909 the average price in Ontario rose to $22.33, and for all 

 Canada from $20.08 in 1908 to $21.55. 



Ontario produced 53.6 per cent, of the hemlock, Quebec 18.2 

 and Nova Scotia 15.7 per cent. Of the red pine cut Ontario fur- 

 nished over nine-tenths. 



Among the other species, balsam is noteworthy as being the 

 only wood of which Canada cut a larger amount of lumber in 

 1909 than United States. The cut totalled some 91 million ft. 

 B. M., worth an average price of $12.85. Quebec supplied 

 three-quarters of the cut, and now balsam stands second in the 

 list of important woods in that province. Evidently other woods 

 are growing scarcer in the East. 



The remaining softwoods are supplied mainly by British Col- 

 umbia. The cut of Douglas fir showed an increase of 25 per cent, 

 over that of 1908, the average price being $14.58. Cedar, next in 

 importance, formed three-quarters of the total Canadian output 

 of that species. The cut in British Columbia was exceptionally 

 heavy in 1909 — some 140 million feet as compared with 115 mil- 

 lion feet in Washington State, the nearest approach. The price 

 dropped to $13.43 from an average of $17.22 the year before. 

 Tamarac stands fourth (after spruce) among the woods of this 

 province, which supplied two-thirds of the total tamarac cut in 

 Canada. The remainder was produced in Ontario (18 per cent.) 

 and Quebec (11 per cent.). 



Hardwoods made up only 5.7 per cent, of the total lumber cut. 

 Of these, birch formed 24 per cent., maple 20, basswood 19, elm 

 16, ash 8, and beech 7 per cent. The birch is produced in On- 



