86 Forestry Quarterly. 



of the wood used in the sulphite process spruce formed 90.6 per 

 cent., balsam 8.1 per cent, and poplar 1.3 per cent.; and of the 

 wood used in the soda process spruce formed 71.2 per cent., pop- 

 lar 20.7 and hemlock 7 per cent. (In United States hemlock is 

 manufactured by the sulphite process entirely.) 



The average production of pulp per cord of wood used in the 

 mechanical process was 1,651 pounds; by the sulphite process 

 914 pounds, and by the soda process 961 pounds. 



The average yearly consumption of pulpwood per mill in On- 

 tario was 18,735 cords, in Quebec 12,797 cords, in New Bruns- 

 wick 12,636 cords and in Nova Scotia 4,179 cords. 



Of the 445,408 tons of pulp manufactured in Canadian mills, 

 280,744 tons (63 per cent.) were exported, an increase of 41,000 

 tons over the preceding year's export. Of this export United 

 States took 68.2 per cent, and the United Kingdom 28.3 per 

 cent. The prices per ton paid to the Canadian exporters were: 

 if or chemical pulp. United Kingdom $40.04, United States $39.09 ; 

 for mechanical pulp, United Kingdom $10.26, United States 

 $16.09. 



It is noticeable that more pulpwood is exported from Canada 

 than is manufactured at home. Annually Canada supplies about 

 20 per cent, of the pulpwood manufactured in United States. 

 Besides the wood domestically manufactured 915,633 cords were 

 exported in the raw state in 1909. This export, representing 

 three-fifths of the pulpwood cut in Canada, went to the United 

 States. The consideration received for it averaged $6.28 per 

 cord, an average value at the point of shipment of 71 cents per 

 cord more than was paid by Canadian mills. Nearly all this 

 export went from Quebec, the average price paid by Quebec 

 mills being 45 cents per cord less than the export price. 



As the United States imports much more pulp than it ex- 

 ports, it would necessarily have imported this pulp from Canada 

 had it not imported the wood. Exporting the wood to the 

 United States brought in $5,752,659. Exporting the pulp which 

 that wood made would have brought, at the average prices paid 

 by the United States importers in 1909, $16,719,418. If the 

 manufacture were completed and the pulp made into paper in its 

 final form before exporting the difference would be still greater. 



The pulpwood shipped from Canada in 1909 furnished 46.4 

 per cent, of the raw material used by the 90 pulp mills of New 



