Current Literature. 91 



$2,090,148.08. The yield from timber was $0.00541, grazing 

 $0.00512 and special uses $0.00031 per acre, a total of $0.01084 per 

 acre. That is to say, the expenditures are still about two and a 

 quarter million dollars above receipts. 



A new form of permit for the utilization of water power on 

 National Forests has been prepared which will simplify the issu- 

 ance of permits for this purpose and safeguard the interests of 

 the Federal Government. The rate charged under the new form 

 of permit "will be based primarily on the value of the land occu- 

 pied for power purposes as measured by its capacity for the de- 

 velopment of power, with a deduction for distance from market 

 and for portions of the land to be occupied which do not belong 

 to the Government. A fixed rate of $1.00 per net electrical horse- 

 power per year is the full charge. This rate is equivalent to one 

 sixty-sixth of a cent per kilowatt-hour." This does not represent 

 more than one half of i per cent, of the investment in fixed 

 charges. The charge is made from the time the permit is issued, 

 but at a reduced rate until a ten-year period has passed, and 

 amounts paid during the unproductive period are credited against 

 the rentals which will be due during the period of partial pro- 

 duction. The aim of this scheme of payment is to discourage the 

 holding of power sites for purposes of speculation. 



The executive force of the Forest Service during the year 

 1909-10 consisted of 2,536 persons, as follows : — 



Supervisors, 140 



Deputy supervisors, 106 



Rangers, ^,^93 



Guards, 558 



Forest assistants, 97 



Field assistants, timber and mining ex- 

 perts, engineers, etc., 156 



Clerks, 186 



Total, 2,536 



The average area under the charge of each ranger and guard 

 was 104,307 acres or 163 square miles. 



The estimate of standing timber on the National Forests, ex- 

 clusive of Alaska and Porto Rico, was revised during the year 



