Current Literature. 105 



material change in its composition and their use is a questionable 

 benefit since the same result can be obtained by filtering. 



Uncovered sap buckets allow rain, dirt and insects to enter, 

 which increase the impurities of the sirup and darken its color. 



The report concludes with a collection of references covering 

 maple sap, its manufacture into sugar and sirup, and their 

 analysis. S. J. R. 



Damage to Chestnut Telephone and Telegraph Poles by Wood 

 Boring Insects. By Thomas E. Snyder. Bulletin 94, Part i. 

 Bureau of Entomology. Washington, Dl. C. 1910. Pp. 11. 



Recent investigations of the author show that serious damage 

 is fieing done to the bases of chestnut telephone and telegraph 

 poles in certain localities by the grub or larva of a wood boring 

 beetle (Parandra brimnea Fab., Order Coleoptera, Family 

 Spondylidae). 



The attacks were first called to the attention of the Bureau of 

 Entomology in December, 1906 from Baltimore, Maryland. The 

 injury to the poles consists in large mines in the wood near the 

 line of contact of the pole with the ground, necessitating a fre- 

 quent re-setting or even the replacement of the damaged poles. 

 On lines examined in North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, 

 Maryland and the District of Columbia from 15 to 40% of chest- 

 nut poles set for 10 to 12 years were found to be seriously injured. 

 The damage is greatest and the borers most abundant in high or 

 level, dry ground. 



The most effective method of prevention is open tank or 

 cylinder impregnation with creosote. A thorough brush treat- 

 ment of creosote, wood creosote, creolin, and some other preserva- 

 tives have been found efficient for several years. R. C. B. 



Yield from Eucalyptus Plantations in California. By Louis 

 Margolin. Bulletin i. State . Board of Forestry, Sacramento, 

 California. 1910. Pp. 38. 



The report gives in tabular form the results of measurements 

 of sample plots in all important eucalyptus groves in the state. 

 This work was carried on by the Forest Service of the U. S. 

 Department of Agriculture in co-operation with the California 



