144 Forestry Quarterly. 



similar cuts by hand-sawing and by machine, but such data as 

 are available indicate that machine-cutting is a little faster on 

 small trees and may be as much as six times as fast on larger 

 sizes. 



Die Gantke'sche Baumfdlhnaschine. Silva, August 26, 1910. Pp. 267-72. 



In Washington and Oregon, a good crew 



Logging Costs of fellers should average seven to ten 



in trees, or 50,000 feet of timber a day in 



Oregon timber that averages from 5,000 to 7,000 



and feet to the tree; eight to thirteen trees, or 



Washington. 40,000 feet in timber that averages 3,000 



to 5,000 to the tree; and fifteen to thirty 

 trees, or 30,000 feet in timber averaging 1,000 to 2,000 feet per 

 tree. Two buckers should follow each set of fellers unless there 

 are several windfalls or rough slope land when there should be 

 a third bucker. Two adjoining operators are known to have 

 varied 10,000 to 15,000 board feet in loss due to breakage be- 

 cause of carelessness on the part of fellers in one camp. This 

 can be easily prevented by checking each crew's work. Three sets 

 of fellers are needed for each two yarders, and where one set 

 of fellers does the work for a single yarder the yarder is working 

 slowly. Felling and bucking timber averaging 5,000 to 7,000 

 feet per tree should cost 45 cents a thousand; 3,000 to 5,000 feet 

 per tree, 55 cents; 1,000 to 2,000 feet per tree, 65 cents. This 

 includes the cost of filing, new saws, axes, and sledges. 



In donkey yarding many operators lose money by using ma- 

 chines that were never large enough for the work or are too old. 

 On machines large enough so that it is not necessary to block any 

 logs out of the woods, the main line for a 10 by 12 yarder should 

 be I 1-8 inches in diameter, and for the trip or haulback line nine- 

 sixteenths of an inch; on a 11 by 13, or 12 by 12, compound the 

 trip line should be i 1-4 inches and the haulback five-eighths. 

 These lines should log 5,000,000 feet before breaking. All cable 

 breaking on yarders should be prevented by transferring the cable 

 to a road machine as soon as it shows signs of wear. Nine hun- 

 dred feet is considered a good average working distance. The 

 following table shows average results that may be expected from 

 a yarder: 



