146 Forestry Quarterly. 



In compiling the figures for the last three columns railroad 

 expense is computed at one dollar per thousand with an additional 

 10 cents allowed for svirveys, buildings, etc. 

 The Timberman, October, 1910. 



The logging railroads of the Pacific Coast 

 Pacific Coast from San Francisco north to near the 

 Log Roads. Arctic circle represent 2,000 miles, requir- 



ing $1,500,000 for repairs and replace- 

 ments and $1,000,000 for new lines and equipment. In 1909, 

 Washington had 630.75 miles, divided among 154 sawmills or an 

 average of 4.09 miles per mill. The longest line of 32 miles is 

 owned by the Poison Logging Company while three companies 

 own 20 miles or more. These figures do not include several 

 short lines which carry on general business but are dependent 

 upon the sawmill for 90 per cent of their revenue. 



The average cost of a main line logging road in Washington 

 or British Columbia is $7,655 and the cost of equipping a road 

 which operates one yard or a standard crew of men in the woods 

 is $29,200. On this basis a ten mile road and the equipment 

 would cost $110,000. A few years ago, 15 per cent, grades were 

 not unusual but 4 per cent, grades are now the upper limit; 

 25 degree curves have been replaced by a maximum of 12 de- 

 grees and the standard rail is 56 pounds, although 36 to 65 

 pound rails are in use. 



American Lumberman, November 19, 1910. 



In the sixteen counties of North Carolina 

 Good Roads that are west of the Blue Ridge Mountains 

 and about three-fourths of the area is in for- 



Forest Use. est and most of this land is better suited 



for forest production than for any other 

 use. In 1909, the state forester estimated that 15 million cubic 

 feet of timber was hauled to market over the public roads of 

 these counties. The estimated cost of hauling this timber was 

 $750,000 which is twice as much as its stumpage value. This 

 cost of hauling necessitates the leaving of lower grades and in- 

 ferior species in the woods as well as tops and small logs that 

 might otherwise be used for cordwood. Good roads would mean 

 a closer utilization that would decrease fire danger in the smaller 



