240 Forestry Quarterly. 



This same species presents a similar behavior when grown in 

 eastern France, as recorded by d'Arbaumont. 



Ulmus campestris is reported by Fischer as retaining starch 

 in the xylem only, while both Mer and d'Arbaumont found the 

 same species retaining starch in both phloem and xylem. 



Acer saccharum. — This tree retains considerable starch through- 

 out the winter in xylem and medullary rays of both twigs and 

 older stems. This behavior exactly coincides with that of A. 

 dasycarpum as mentioned by Fischer, and with that of A. pseu- 

 doplatanus and A. saccharinuni as mentioned by d'Arbaumont. 



Juglans nigra. — In both twigs and trunk of this tree, the starch 

 wholly disappears from the cortex and phloem, but is retained in 

 the wood parenchyma and medullary rays to the extent of about 

 25% to 33% of the maximum content of September. 



Juglans regia, in northeastern France, according to Mer, be- 

 haves exactly as does J. nigra, as concerns the starch in winter. 



Carya glabra Mill. — This hickory loses all its starch in cortex, 

 phloem and xylem in smaller stems, but retains about one- fourth 

 the maximum amount in winter in the medullary rays of the 

 xylem zone, and in the wood parenchyma of larger stems. 



To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report as to the 

 winter content of starch of any of the hickories. The species 

 here treated ranges itself with its relatives, the walnuts, in 

 America and Europe. 



Quercus rubra. — Both twigs and the older trunk show starch 

 present throughout the winter in cortex, phloem, xylem, pith and 

 medullary rays. In cortex and phloem, there is in winter but a 

 small quantity compared with the maximum of autumn ; but the 

 amount in the xylem and pith does not appear to diminish greatly. 



It is worth noting that none of the oaks reported by the various 

 investigators of Europe show starch in the phloem of the stem in 

 winter, though all show more or less winter starch in pith, xylem 

 and medullary rays of the xylem ring. Such reports are made 

 for Quercus robur at Leipzig by Fischer; for Quercus pedun- 

 culata, Q. pubescens, Q. alba and Q. tinctoria in eastern France 

 (Cote d'Or) by d'Arbaumont. 



Starch in Roots. 



It has already been stated in this paper that the roots of trees 

 as far as examined have generally shown but little diminution of 



