302 Forestry Quarterly. 



(3) "pines from Auvergne (France), Tirol and northern Hun- 

 gary are surely lost on clearings sowed in Germany. On these the 

 disease exhibits itself in its most fateful manner, namely by death 

 or crippling. There is, however, no reason to assume that in 

 Germany if the plants escape the disease they could not furnish 

 stands of good growth, straight and normal." (It is claimed by 

 others that at least the French stock grows crooked.) 



He concludes that to avoid the disease, only the northern seed 

 is serviceable ; and that in the second group no locality difference 

 exists, but that sowings will or will not suffer from the disease 

 according to weather, soil, treatment of the seed, manner of sow- 

 ing or planting. 



Finally, after a thrust at those who would collect seed only 

 from the best grown "elite" trees, without any good reasoning, he 

 advocates return to natural regeneration of pine with under- 

 planting of beech, and, with still less reason, recommends the use 

 of his mixed forest in small areas. 



[The Editor is unable to conceive how a disease caused by an 

 outside agent, a fungus, can be hereditary ; but the disposition to 

 suffer more or less might be. Certainly there is less reason to be- 

 lieve a disease hereditary than the form of the plant itself.] 



Schuttekrankheit und Provenienz dcr Fohrc. Forstwissenschaftliches 

 Centralblatt. January, 191 1. Pp. 1-14. 



Confirmation of the results of Dixon and 

 Transpiration Roshardt is given by Overton in experi- 

 and ments on Cypcrus. 



Sap Flow. The diminished water supply in the leaves 



of plants, a portion of whose stem has been 

 killed by steam, may be due to the blocking of the vessels with 

 gum and resinous substances. The withering of the leaves in 

 these experiments is probably caused more by the deleterious 

 action of substances produced in the steamed portion than by the 

 lack of water. In plants whose living cells have been killed by 

 hot wax or poisonous substances there is less apparent disorgani- 

 zation of the cells, and the leaves wither less rapidly. The infer- 

 ence to be drawn from these experiments is that the withering of 

 the leaves is due chiefly to the action of poisonous substances 

 which destroy the osmotic action of the cells and their lifting 

 power. The living cells of the stem apparently are not essential 

 to transpiration and sap flow. 



