Periodical Literature. 315 



Swedish foresters attribute the numerous 

 Preventing failures of stands planted in the sixties and 



Fraud seventies of the last century to the use of 



in imported seed produced in a milder climate. 



Seeds. Measures to restrict the importation of for- 



est seeds were inaugurated in 1888 when a 

 small duty was imposed. Ten years later the duty was made 

 much heavier. Now the demand for seeds was very strong, and 

 unscrupulous dealers found it profitable to import seeds and sell 

 them as the native product. This deception has been effectually 

 prevented, so far as coniferous seeds are concerned, by dyeing a 

 portion of the seeds in each package as it passes through the cus- 

 tom house. The dye used is an alcoholic solution of eosin. 



Schotte, Gunnar: Ubcr die Fdrbung des Forstsamens sur Unterscheid- 

 ung ausldndischer Ware. Silva. February 3, 191 1. Pp. 33-34. 



The question of the importance of the seed 

 Seed supply was also one which occupied the 



Supply German Forstwirtschaftsrat at its session 



Question. last fall. A resolution being the result, 



which curiously is designed to restrict the 

 use of pine seed exclusively to that of German origin. Dr. Fiirst 

 in answer to strictures by Sievers explains that while seeds from 

 some other localities outside of Germany would be just as good 

 as German seed, the danger of importation through these of un- 

 desirable seed, as from South France and Hungary, led to the 

 adoption of this resolution. 



Die Behandlung der Kicfcrnprovenicnsfrage in Deutschland. Forst- 

 wissenschaftliches Centralblatt. March, 1911. Pp. 148-152. 



At the time when early in the last century 

 Spruce the demand for fuel wood fell on the intro- 



vs. duction of coal in the industries, the study 



Broadleaf of the natural history of forests had not 



Forest. been developed to the same extent as mathe- 



matical theories of forest management. The 

 consideration of financial returns indicated a change from beech 

 to spruce forests and such change was made, the spruce being 

 managed in pure stands and under a system of clear cutting with 

 artificial reproduction. The accepted theories justified such a 



