Periodical Literature. 335 



65.62 



American Lumberman. February 25, 191 1. P. 27. 



Hub timber is usually bought by the lineal 

 Yellozv Birch foot, ranging, for Yellow birch, from 4^ to 

 Wagon Hubs. 6 cents. Logs down to 8 inches can be used 



thus giving the operator $16.00 to $18.00 per 

 M for his small timbers. Little or no deduction is made for crook 

 for the stock is cut into short blocks, 9 to 15 inches long. The 

 birch should be cut in winter, and where the mills run the year 

 round, the stock is kept in water. Most of the operations in the 

 manufacture of the hubs are automatic. It it quite essential that 

 the blocks are bored so that the pith of the block is the center line 

 of the hole. With one set of machines four men and one boy can 

 bore, turn and mortise 100 sets of heavy birch hubs in 10 hours. 

 When the machine work is finished the hubs are steamed for 18 to 

 20 hours and then painted, oiled or creosoted. 



The Woodworker, February, 191 1. 



In the Northeast about 43,000 cords of 



Spool Paper Birch is manufactured into spools 



Wood. annually. Only the best grades can be used 



for spools, the consequent large waste is 



used for fuel. The green logs in 4 foot lengths are brought to the 



mill in fall or winter, where they are squared to suit the sizes of 



the spools into which they are to be manufactured. These green 



bars are piled and allowed to air dry under cover for several 



months, and are then kiln-dried just before using. They are cut 



