342 Forestry Quarterly. 



erty had been purchased, at an average cost of $42.60, while from 

 the annual general forest purchase fund and by exchanges addi- 

 tions were made, so that the table, showing the entire transaction 

 in detail, totals the forest territory acquired since 1900 as 258,000 

 acres, of which 218,000 acres pure forest land, and 64 % of this 

 under woods. The whole purchase money was $7,000,000, or 

 about $27 per acre. Around $400,000 was spent in making work- 

 ing plans for these new areas, which also increased the forest 

 ranges by 116. Lately, owing to rise of prices and other reasons, 

 the activity in this waste land policy has somewhat slackened. 



Together with these purchases over 300 forest laborers' fami- 

 lies and other immigrants were colonized on the farm lands, or 

 about 25,000 acres, and altogether a new civilization has been 

 brought in. 



In the reforestation, the Scotch Pine, is the only species avail- 

 able. Where on the devastated areas still some woodgrowth re- 

 mains, this is preserved, even if not of good form, as protection 

 against sun and wind and to some extent as seed trees. If only 

 cattle is kept out natural seeding succeeds readily, often beyond 

 expectation better than artificial planting. Where needful the 

 soil is scarified with a harrow; improvement cuttings are made 

 when the young crop needs it — a policy of waiting seems to be 

 encouraged by the tendency of straight slender growth which this 

 pine exhibits in this locality — a northern type. 



If artificial planting becomes necessary, sowing is preferred 

 wherever poverty of soil does not prevent it. This is done with- 

 out scarifying the soil more than with the harrow. It is done 

 broadcast in strips, after burning or removing any dense soil 

 cover. Sometimes the old method of sowing the cones is re- 

 sorted to, if cheaper. In a cited case a sowing of cones, about 3.5 

 bushels to the acre, cost for broadcast sowing from $1.00 to $1.50 

 for sowing in hoed strips $3.30; and in the crop, instead of re- 

 pair planting, shears were more necessary. 



Often, resort must be had to planting. In that case the treat- 

 ment of the soil is most important : no movement or loosening 

 of the soil must be allowed, which would make it only more 

 powdery. The planting must be done in earliest spring, as long 

 as there is still winter moisture in the soil. Only the best plant 

 material should be used, grown in nurseries located in the best 

 soils. Lately Splettstoesser's borer (see F. O. Vol. VIII, p. 467) 

 is largely used. 



