354 Forestry Quarterly. 



penses, particularly since each individual tree was marked for 

 cutting and conservative methods followed throughout. In utiliz- 

 ing the timber cut, a market was developed for the low-grade 

 material and for miscellaneous products, such as cordwood, pin- 

 wood, posts, bark, etc., while the tops, small trees, etc., were con- 

 verted into charcoal. On the 1,200 acres cut over during the 

 three-year period ending January i, 191 1, material of a gross sale 

 value of $88,000, or $73 per acre, was produced. The expenses 

 amounted to about $60,000, or $50 per acre, making the average 

 net return about $23 per acre. It is impossible to say what the 

 profits would have been if the usual lumbering methods had been 

 followed, nor can the cost be put on an accurate board-feet basis, 

 owing to the miscellaneous character of the products. 



Dr. Shitaro Kawai, Professor of Forestry Engineering in the 

 University of Tokio, Japan, arrived in Seattle on January 6, and 

 since that time has been on an extended tour of investigation with 

 Mr. Yeiichi Shigematsu, of the Japanese Forest Service, who has 

 been in this country since last June. Dr. Kawai is at present in 

 charge of the forest work in Formosa for the Japanese Govern- 

 ment, and in this connection visited this country to learn at first 

 hand our methods of carrying on lumbering operations. The in- 

 vestigations of these two Japanese foresters have covered visits 

 to saw mills, logging camps, wood-preserving plants, saw works, 

 wire-rope works, and in short, to representative points of interest 

 in connection with the manufacture and utilization of timber in 

 any form. Dr. Kawai is a thoroughly-trained forester, having 

 spent six years in Germany, during which time he took the full 

 course at Tiibingen and special work at other forest schools. His 

 first trip to this country was in 1903, when he visited the New 

 York State School at Cornell University. 



In the forest planting operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad 

 Company this spring, between 400,000 and 500,000 trees, mostly 

 red oak and Scotch pine, will be used in establishing permanent 

 plantations. The work this year has been somewhat curtailed 

 owing to the retrenchment policy in effect on nearly all Eastern 

 railroads. In the Company Forest Nursery about 1,500,000 

 forest trees and 137,000 ornamental trees and shrubs were in 

 stock when spring opened. This stock will be reduced at least 



