392 Forestry Quarterly. 



1,700 metres (2,875 to 5,577 feet) — the area is in general very 

 steep with many cliffs and canyons. The area is part of the 

 Communities of Tegernsee, Rottach, Wiesse and Kreuth. 



2. C1.1MATE. 



In general the climate is mild. The differences in elevation 

 cause marked local variations in climate and vegetation — early 

 and late frost are not common, but heavy winds, snow, thunder- 

 storms, hail, fog, are common and are injurious to the forest. 

 The prevailing wind direction is from southwest, west, or south 

 — snow usually falls in great masses, causes bending and breaking 

 and shortens the vegetative season, especially at high elevations. 

 Snowslides are not uncommon causing great destruction to forest 

 and ground cover, leaving steep, bare slopes. 



The young stands experience many difficulties through snow, 

 stamping and grazing of cattle and grazing of game. 



The average rainfall is great — greater than almost any place 

 in Europe. Hence, the atmospheric moisture is very high and 

 particularly favorable to the growth of spruce. 



3. Soil. 



The rock is a dolomite, a granite and in places a limestone 

 formation. The soil is a rich sandy loam of good depth. 



4. Species. 



The predominant species is the spruce with an almost universal 

 admixture of fir and beech, especially in the oldest stands ; in 

 younger stands fir and beech are less noticeable and sometimes 

 entirely absent, probably because of clear cuttings and injury 

 through game. Only in a few overmature stands does the fir 

 dominate. Old larches are scarce, young ones frequent. The 

 spread of larch has been prevented through injury by game and 

 cattle, and the poor choice of sites where it was planted. 



As subordinate species come maple, elm, ash, alder. Still more 

 rare are birch, choke cherry, etc. 



5. Former Management. 



On account of greater accessibility and in part because of not 

 spreading the cuttings over a sufficient area, large areas were cut 



