396 Forestry Quarterly 



cording to local conditions. Thus the preparatory cuttings can 

 be advantageously begun near the ditches, small ravines and the 

 like, although the clear cutting of strips (coulissenhiebe) must be 

 carefully avoided. 



A new cutting should, as a rule, never be made adjacent to the 

 older one until the reproduction on the former is assured. For 

 the rest in the choice of cutting areas, besides the securing of re- 

 production and the productivity of the soil, the most economic 

 method of logging should be borne in mind. Therefore, the 

 cuttings should be concentrated as much as possible. Along very 

 steep and high mountain ridges the forest cover should be re- 

 tained intact, therefore, no utilization of these areas will, as a 

 rule, be attempted in order to prevent the injurious windfalls 

 and snow slides. 



On the cutting areas all the weaker material, the small sizes, 

 especially beech and fir of advance growth and weak growth 

 should be left as protection material whose logging in later 

 operations can well be waived. Where it is possible, however, 

 to remove these protection trees in the next cutting this should be 

 done. On the shady slopes the amount left for protection can 

 be greatly lessened. The protection material, of course, must 

 not be removed in early cuttings, thinnings, preparatory cuttings, 

 and in the execution of the first removal cuttings. Advance 

 growth of all kinds must be carefully protected. On the steeper 

 slopes where protection material is lacking, beech and fir must be 

 left for protection where it can later be logged either by itself or 

 in connection with an adjacent cutting. The leaving of a denser 

 stand is often permissible in certain places where the subsequent 

 logging can be done in winter or spring on snow. In certain 

 stands containing a large percentage of beech on moderate slopes, 

 reproduction of beech can be secured from the mature trees re- 

 maining in the uncut portion. When the area has seeded 

 naturally and the young seedlings have developed sufficiently to 

 ensure a stand of beech, the adjacent mature stand should be 

 cut tmder the strip stand method until an area suitable for spruce 

 is reached. Occasionally, the adjacent area can be cut clean and 

 the area, as far as spruce reproduction is not already present in 

 sufficient quantity among the beech naturally, sown with spruce 

 seed so long as the beech is still small and will not choke out the 

 spruce. 



