Example of a German Working Plan. 397 



If the beech stand is heavier it will have to be interplanted with 

 thrifty spruce and larch. The larch should only be planted where 

 the young stand of beech and spruce is not appreciably larger 

 than the larch seedlings and where the soil and the site is suitable 

 (see supra). 



At the end of the cutting and the logging of the wood the re- 

 maining brush must be scattered in order to hinder the grazing 

 by cattle during the first period of the young growth. This 

 matter must be given special attention where there is much graz- 

 ing and where the soil is loamy and wet, and also where the re- 

 produced stand is very young. Barricades can be built of brush 

 across cattle trails to good advantage, where these trails lead 

 across the cutting area. 



Reproduction of the Cut-Over Areas. 



As already stated, since the spruce in general is overmature, 

 sufficient natural seeding cannot be expected of it, and therefore, 

 the spruce must, as a rule be reproduced artificially. This can 

 be done through the seeding of the cutting areas with approxi- 

 mately 15 kilogrammes (33 lbs.) of spruce seed per hectare 

 (13 2/5 lbs. per acre), and that as soon as possible after the cut- 

 ting which here, as is well known, takes place in summer and after 

 the hauling out of the material in the fall. Therefore, the seed- 

 ing should be done in the spring succeeding the cutting. 



The seed should be scattered as uniformly as possible over the 

 cutting area in favorable places on mineral soil ; undecomposed 

 humus should be removed. The individual sowing areas should 

 not be too close together and must be covered with brush for pro- 

 tection. On very steep slopes where, in consequence of the log- 

 ging, the bare mineral soil has been exposed, success from seed- 

 ing can be expected only after the appearance of a light grass 

 cover. 



Where the soil cover has not decomposed sufficiently and bodies 

 of raw humus are found, a superficial working of the ground 

 must be done in order to remove the humus. Where certain 

 areas of the cutting, or whole cut-over areas even before the 

 cutting, are covered with weeds no good results can be expected 

 of the seeding. Here the restocking should be done through 

 planting of spruce. For planting the areas should be carefully 



