464 Forestry Quarterly. 



of $75,000, of which $4,000 salary for the State Forester, which 

 was drawn by the Forestry Board, seems judiciously constructed 

 in leaving discretion with the State Forester in almost all points. 

 Nearly two-thirds of the report is taken up with descriptions 

 of the forestry practice in twenty countries of Europe secured by 

 correspondence. B. E. F. 



Forest Products of Canada, iqoq: Poles Purehased. By H. R. 

 MacMillan. Bulletin 13, Forestry Branch. Ottawa, Canada. 

 191 1. Pp. 7. 



The total number of poles reported as purchased in Canada 

 during 1909 was 358,225, an increase of 172,448 poles over 1908, 

 due to an increase in the purchase of short cedar poles by tele- 

 phone and telegraph companies. For the same reason the aver- 

 age price of all poles fell from $1.53 in 1908 to $1.39 in 1909. 



Of the poles purchased, 94.5 per cent, was cedar, 4.5 per cent, 

 larch, and the remainder spruce, Douglas fir, and unspecified 

 species. 



Telegraph and telephone companies bought 83 per cent, of the 

 poles used in 1909, nearly one and one-half times as many as in 

 1908; steam roads used 12 per cent; with the electric roads, 

 power and lighting companies the least important users. 



The average prices, by five-foot classes from 20 feet up, were : 

 Cedar, $1.02, $1.90, $3.15, $3.99, $5.77; larch, $1.23, $2.50, $3.50; 

 spruce, $0.79, $1.82, $2.51, $4.00, $5.00. 



The preservative treatment of poles in Canada is recommended, 

 resulting in economy of money and forest resources. Although 

 cedar poles are cheaper in the United States than in Canada many 

 American companies give them preservative treatment. Thus 

 the steam railroad companies of the United States treated 31 per 

 cent, of the poles they purchased in 1908, the electric companies 

 14.7 per cent, and the telephone and telegraph companies 8.5 per 

 cent. Assuming labor $1.75 per day, creosote 8 cents per gallon, 

 and fuel $15 per cord, poles can be thoroughly creosoted for 

 $1.40 each. The annual charge on untreated cedar poles, cost- 

 ing $9 set in the line, and lasting 12 years (the average given by 

 Canadian users), is $1.07 (money 6 per cent.). Treated cedar 

 poles will cost $10.39 set in the line, but will last 20 years or 



