466 Forestry Quarterly. 



is rapidly replacing basswood, 27.7 per cent, elm, 21.2 per cent, 

 basswood, and 19. i per cent, spruce. The average prices of these, 

 per thousand sets, were, respectively, $70.00, $42.65, $57.43, and 

 $30.68. 



Of the hoops, 82 per cent, of the entire output was of elm, the 

 remaining 18 per cent, being of basswood, birch and beech, maple 

 and spruce, about equally. All species sold for about $10 per 

 thousand, except spruce which brought $5.94. 



Most of the slack barrels used in Canada are of domestic manu- 

 facture. The chief imports are oi hoops together with small 

 quantities of gum and sycamore for flour barrel staves. 



Slack cooperage brings higher prices in Canada; the United 

 States prices per thousand were, for 1908: staves, $5.72; heading, 

 $45.71 ; hoops, $6.91 ; as contrasted with $7.78, $52.03, and $9.87 

 in Canada for 1909. 



Boxes and Box Shooks. — The figures of boxes and box shooks 

 are incomplete, representing about 60 per cent, of the quantity of 

 lumber used during 1909 by the box manufacturers of Canada, 

 and do not include the lumber used by shippers who manufacture 

 their own special crates and packages. 



The reported consumption was 82,972 thousand feet of lumber 

 valued at $1,264,376. Of this amount spruce furnished 52.7 per 

 cent, and pine 30.3 per cent., with an average value of $15.15 and 

 $15.09 per M, respectively. "Allowing for the amount used by 

 factories not reporting, it is probable that about 140 million feet 

 of lumber, worth about $2,100,000, is used annually for the manu- 

 facture of boxes. About 50 per cent, of this is used in Ontario, 

 30 per cent, in Quebec, and the remaining 20 per cent, in British 

 Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. 



A comparison of the mill run price of the chief lumber used for 

 boxes in a province with the price paid for the same species of 

 lumber by the box manufacturers of that province brings out 

 the fact that in Quebec and British Columbia the latter price is 

 higher and in Nova Scotia almost equal. This means that cull 

 lumber and mill waste are not used for boxes. This is because 

 of lack of competition from other woods, and because good 

 spruce can be bought as cheaply as cull pine. The utilization of 

 lower grades and of species not now desired for other purposes 

 has no place in Canada as yet. J. H. W. 



