PERIODICAL LITERATURE 



FOREST GEOGRAPHY AND DESCRIPTION. 



This part of Russia is forestally useless, 



Forests only in the very valley of the Kamtschat- 



of ka river is found coniferous forest 



Kamtschatka. Picea obovata and Pinus cembra, as yet 



inaccessible, so that Petropawlow^sk is 



short of building timber. The growth on the mountain slopes 



is Betula ermani, 40 to 50 feet high and 12 to 14 inches 



diameter : Betula albo var. japonica with a dense thicket 



of Pinus puwila, Alnus alnobetula and Sorbus sambuci- 



folia. Along watercourses Salix and Alnus hirsuta are found, 



Betula nana and Vaccinium species with Lonicera edulis, Grossu- 



laria and Ribes are common. Fire is rare, the nations being 



careful. Labor is scarce and is imported from Japan as well 



as wood. 



From Lesnoj Journal, 1910. Allgemeine Forst- u. Jagdzeitung. April, 

 1911, P. 133. 



BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY. 



Based upon phenological observations con- 



Shade tinued for 12 years at the Swiss Experi- 



and ment Station, Dr. Engler has come to 



Light interesting data regarjding the phenome- 



Plants. non of budding in beech and other species, 



but especially on the difference in behavior 



of plants grown in shade or in light. 



Young beech, maple, ash and oak under cover of old stands 

 open their buds earlier and are in full foliage earlier than young 

 plants without cover or medium and old trees. In the decidu- 

 ous forest, generally speaking, the foliage develops from the 

 base to the top, first the regeneration under cover, then the lower 

 branches and twigs of the old stand, the most shaded parts of 

 the crown become green from 3 to 7 days later, then the tops, 

 and last the uncovered regeneration, for beech from 11 to 15 



