504 Forestry Quarterly. 



A few illustrations show the construction of these very simple 

 ropeways. If constructed of good grade material and carefully 

 supervised, the structure may last 20 years. The steel ropes 

 which are required to carry heavy loads with 3,200 feet spans, 

 are made of six strands of seven wires, the main carrying rope 

 I inch in diameter and a tensile strength of 60,000 lbs., the 

 return carrier 3-5 inch and 30,000 lbs., the return haul rope 

 ■^ inch and 16,000 lbs. strength. The legs are carried in a cradle. 

 Usually only the upper station has a brake which works accord- 

 ing to the grade with one or two 3.5 foot disks moving in the 

 same plane, moved by a double lever. 



Die Dratseilriesen im Forstkreis Misox. Schweizerische Zeitschrift, 

 April, 191 1, pp. 105-113. 



Schullerman reports on a series of trials 

 Kiton with the new road material Kiton, which 



Roads. makes a dustless road, with a view to deter- 



mine its wear and cost. Kiton is a mix- 

 ture of 60% tar, 30% water and 10% clay, which mixture has the 

 property of not taking up water after once having been dried. 

 The price at the factory in Ludwigshafen is about $15 per ton. 

 It requires from 7 lbs. per square yard up to make a good road, 

 the maximum being for every inch thickness of cover 55 lbs of 

 Kiton, an emulsion of 40 to 60% Kiton being used. Broken 

 stone as in macadam, rolled, is the basis and a sand cover tops 

 it off; in a remarkably short time the cover becomes solid and 

 in a few weeks it is ready. For country roads the broken stone 

 is not necessary, any gravel or even coarse sand being sufihcient. 

 The experience with the eight trial sections, differently con- 

 structed in 1910, are summarized as follows: 



1. With a soft sandstone the result was unsatisfactory, especi- 

 ally on high grades. 



2. Mending poorly kept roads with a thin layer of coarse sand 

 and Kiton makes first a good appearance, but does not promise 

 well for long. 



3. Roads unfavorably located as regards drainage can be satis- 

 factorily changed into dry, hard roads. 



4. If gravel is somewhat expensive the use of Kiton cheapens 

 the road, because a smaller amount of gravel will do, and the 

 rolling is by 25% cheaper with Kiton. 



