Periodical Literature. 505 



Interesting data regarding labor require- 



Labor ments in forestry work are furnished by 



in the forest department of Bavaria, referring 



Forestry. to the average results of 358 forest districts 



into which the two million acres of Bavarian 



State forests are divided. While altogether 74,656 people had 



been occupied with forest work in 1908, only 22% of the man 



workers or 12.7% of all workers made forest work their main 



occupation ; only 6% of the laborers are occupied for 2-3 of the 



year, 12% for at least half a year, and the bulk, or 9-10 of all 



workers are occupied less than half a year. Only 58% of these 



workers are men, 2^% are women and 19% children. Only 89 



work days per laborer is the average. For each 100 acres of the 



productive forest area, 22.4 days of labor are required. Of the 



4.5 million total day's work, 59% were taken up by logging, 11% 



by road building, 24% on cultures and 6% on miscellaneous work. 



A ten-hour day prevails from April to October, 9 hours for spring 



and fall and 8 hours in winter. 



The average pay for men was 58 cents (up to 72 cents), for 

 women only 40 cents (up to 52 cents), and this is mostly higher 

 pay than for other rural labor. In piecework, however, the earn- 

 ings are better, for summer felling 92 cents, in winter felling 70 

 cents, in thinnings 64 cents on the average. 



Mitteilungen aus der Forstverwaltung Bayerns, 1910, 157 pp. 



The following calculation of the distribu- 



Labor tion of effective work by hours and days 



Distribution for one month, from April 15 to May 15 



iti inc., 191 1, refers to performance of the 



National Forests, crew in the Deerlodge National Forest, 



U. S. 



Labor 

 Class. Hours. Days. Per Day. and 



Expense. 

 Planting i-o, 118 14 s/8 63.67 



Planting 2-0, 417. S 52 3/16 225.29 



Cornplanter, 396 49 4/8 213.68 



v^eed Spots, 86 10 6/8 46.41 



Broadcast plain, i 1/8 .54 



Broadcast brushed, 5 5/8 2.70 



Broadcast disked and brushed, 9 i 1/8 4.86 



Surveying (all areas), 151 18 7/8 81.48 



Poisoning Call areas). 38 4 1/8 17.80 



Fencingf all areas), 120 15 64.75 



Planting totals, 1336.5 167 1/16 4.3168 721.18 



