524 Forestry Quarterly. 



appearance. When a large area is attacked it appears as if it had 

 been swept by fire. 



As such plagues of air insects can only be controlled by natural 

 means, the Dominion Entomologist visited a number of the in- 

 fected districts for the purpose of discovering a natural remedy 

 that would meet the situation. Various enemies or parasites were 

 found, that prey upon the budworm, and these are being used 

 to destroy the pest. As the percentage of important parasites, 

 especially of the minute species which attack the eggs of the 

 budworm, is unusually large, there is abundant reason for hoping 

 for the extermination of the latter. Judging by previous expe- 

 riences in studies of this nature, it is not improbable that the 

 insect will be controlled by its natural parasites in the course of 

 a year or two, that is, before it has inflicted any serious damage 

 to the spruce and balsam by repeated defoliation. 



In May the federal Parliament of Canada passed a new Forest 

 Reserves and Parks Act repealing the Act of 1906. The pro- 

 visions relating to the withdrawal of lands from sale and occu- 

 pancy for the purpose of creating reserves, to the constitution of 

 these and provision for control, are left unaltered. The Gover- 

 nor-in-Council is given power to expiopriate private land within 

 a reserve, this method replacing the former one of exchange. 

 Denuded timberlands may be withdrawn from leased or licensed 

 areas within reserves upon notice being given. Railway com- 

 panies must pay one-half the cost of fire patrol along their lines 

 under construction. The powers of rangers are greatly in- 

 creased. They are given summary power to arrest ; to seize 

 timber, minerals and game taken from the reserve ; and the 

 right of search of buildings, etc., in the reserve and ten miles 

 beyond. Various changes in the boundaries of the reserves and 

 parks leave the aggregate area now 25,186^ square miles (of 

 which the Rocky Mountain Reserve comprises 18,213 square 

 miles) as compared with 16,312^ square miles formerly. The 

 chief officer is henceforth to be known as Director of Forestry. 



During the same session two important amendments have been 

 made to the Dominion Railway Act. 



By one amendment the Board of Railway Commissioners are 

 given power to require any railway company "to establish and 



