88 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ January 38, 1875. 



DoEKiNOB.— 1, D. aeUatly.MeiRla. 2,J.Syinoii,Errol. S, Mrs. W. Chalmers, 

 Hall^barton, Coupar-Anpue. 4, J. Sharp, Errol. 



CocHiN-i_ H1NA.— 1 and Cap. W, M. J Paton, Broughly Ferry. 2. W. Nicoll, 

 East Newport. 3, Mra. G. AnnitBtead, lachmartine. 4, Mrs. A. G. Duncan, 

 BroQfjhty Ferry. 



Beabmi Pootba.— 1 and Cup, J. Smart. Carnoustie. 2, F. C. Parker, Dundee. 

 8, H. Cireeuhill, Camonatie. 4. W. G. Duncan, Dundee. 



Hambdbghs —Oold-spangUd. — 1 and 3, G Low, Carnoustie. 2. J. Milne, 

 Maryton, Montrose. 4, T. Hepburn, Carnoustie. Silvtr-spangUd.—l, 0. J. 

 Wilson, Oarnouatie. 9, Mra. C. B. Taylor, Montrose. 3, G. Low. 4, W. Gibson, 

 jun , Carnoustie Gold and Silver-pencilled. — 1 and 2, Q. Caithnesa, Carnoustie. 

 S, W. Milne, Forfar. 4, J. Taylor. Montrose. 



SPANiaH.— 1, .1. NorTal, Alloa. 2, Mrs. W. Steven. Montrose. 8, D. Kidd, Car- 

 nouatie. 4, P. Symon. Krrol. 



HoDD\N3.—l, A. Robertson, Carnoustie. 2 and 4, J. Smart. 3, Mrs. Stuart, 

 Arbroath. 



An? othbb Variet?.— 1 and 4, G. Caithness (Black Haraburghs and Scotch 

 Greys) 2, J. .Smart. 8, J. Taylor. Montrose (Golden Polands). 



Bant*M3. -Gamf*— 1, J. D. Donald, Montrose. 2, P. Symon. 3, Miss ,T. M. 

 Frew, Kirkcaldy 4, Mra. Frew, Kirkcaldy. A7iy other variety —1, R. Frew, 

 Kirkcaldy. 2, Miss B. P. Frew. Kirkcaldy. 4, J. Taylor, Montrose. 



Selling Cuss.— Cocfc or Two 3ens.~\, P. Symon. 2, A. Bowie. Carnoustie. 

 3, F. BeU, Carnoustie (Buff Cochin). 



Ddckb.— 1, J. Fowler, bcotsoraig, Tayport. 2 and 3, A. Bowie. 



PIGEONS. 



PonTEES.— Pair.— 1, J. Cowe, Aberdeen. 2, J. F. Macdonald, Dundee. 3, 

 MisB J. M. Frew 



FANTAIL3.— Pair.— 1. A. Smith, Broughty Ferry. 2, Mrs. A. G. Duncan, 

 Bronshty Ferry. 3, W. Guild. Bayfield, Brougnty Ferry. 



TuMBLEKS — Pair ~1 and 3. J. Smar'. Montrose. 2, D. Kennedy, Forfar. 



Any oTHEa Vauiety.— Pair.— 1, A. Smith (Carriers). 2, Miss R. C. Frew. 

 3, B. J. Wilson, Dum, Penh ( Turbits). 



JvDa-ES.—Poaltry : Mr. T. Raines, Stirling. Figeons : Mr. J. 

 E. Spence, Broughty Ferry. 



PENRITH (WESTMORELAND) OENITHOLOOICAL 

 SOCIETY. 



{From our own Correspondent.) 

 The Penrith Ornithological Society is now one of the institu- 

 tions of the town, the Committee having on the 15th and 16th 

 inst. at the first Exhibition received such a measure of support 

 as will, we think, encourage them to make the Show annual. 

 The following are the awards : — 



MEMBERS' CLASSES, 



BELoiAN,-r;pnr Yellotv.-\, 3. Turner, Penrith. 2. J. Denwood, Penrith. 

 Clear Biilf Belgian.— l.J. Carruthers, Penrith. 2, E. Shaul. Penrith. Marked 

 Yellow or Bit ff Beigian —\ Ani 'i. -i . C&rinihQTa. Clear Xellow Canary.— I and 

 2. J. Ostel, Penrith, c'icar Buff Canary— \ and 2, J. Sisson. Penrith Marked 

 Yellow or Buff Canary —1. J. Sisson. 2, F. Moor, Penrith. Even-marked.-l.J. 

 Tomer. 2 and 3. J. Pickering, Penrith. Glasgow —I. G. Aliinson, Penrith. 

 2 and S,. J. Carruthers, .Vonrjc/i.-l, J. Turner. Any other variety of Canary. 

 —1, J. Turner. 2, E. Shaul. 



OPEN CLASSES. 



Belgian.— Clear or Ticked Yellow —\, J. Rutter, Sunderland. 2, Reid and 

 Wil" I son, Halifax. Clear or Ticked Buff Belgian.— \, J. Rutter. 2. Reid and 

 Wilkinson. Clear Jonqiie Norwich.— 1, Athersuch & Son, Coventry. Clear 

 Buff Norwich— 1 and 2, Albert uch &^on Even marked Yellow or BuffNorwich. 

 —1, AtheiBuch i Son. 2. J.Adams. Ticked or Uneven-marked Yel'ow or Buff 

 Nonrich—1, Athertuch & Son. 2, J. Adama. OoUienspang^ed Lizard— 1, 

 Cleminaon & EUerton. 2, S. Bunting. Derby. :rih'er KpangUd Lizard —1, Reid 

 and Wilkinson. 2, T. W. W Fairbraaa. Clear Yellow Yorkshire. 1, Reid and 

 Wilkinson. 2, Fawcett 4 Anderton. Baildon. Clear Buff Yorkshire —I, S,eii 

 and Wilkinson. 2, J. Denwood. Evevrniarked Yellow or Buff Yorkshire.— 

 1 and 2, Beid & Wilkinson. Tickedur Uneven-marked Yellow or Buff Yorkshire. 

 —1, Fawcelt & Anderton 2. Reid 4 Wilkinson Clear Yellow Otasgow.-l.J. 

 Turner. 2, R. Bryden. Loehmaben. Clear Buff Ola>igoiD.— I. R. Bryilezt. 2, W. 

 Clark, Langholm, Flecked GLa.^gow.—l, A. A. Mauchan, Dumbdrton. 2, R. 

 Bryden. Any variety of Crested Canary. -1, J Baxter. Newcastle on-Tyne. 

 a, K. Hawman, Middleaborouuh Any other variety of Canary.— 1, J. Adams. 

 2. cleminson S Eilert.m. Sfilino Cia«j.-1, A. Palmer. 2, G. Cox. Goldfinch 

 and Canary Mute, clear or Variegated.— 1,G. Stephenson, Gateshead. 2, J. 

 Baxter. GoUinrirh and Canary Mulr. Dark.— I, R. Hawman. 2, G. & J. Mackley, 

 Norwich, .iny other variety of MuU.—\, J. Spence, South Shielda. 2, R. 

 Hawman Goldfinch.— 1, 3. C. Bamber, Preston. 2, Cleminson Jt Ellerton. 

 Broirn Linmt—l, Cleminaon & Ellerton. 2, Baxter 4 Percival. Any othrr 

 variety of britt.ih Bird.— I and 2, R. Pearson, Whitbv. Any variety of Foreign 

 Bird.— 1, S. Bunting 2. T Barrrow, Monkwearmouth. 



Penrith Class.— Sinking Bird, showing no Belgian Properties.— 1, Miss M. 

 ■Wataon, Penrith. 2, J. ustle, Penrith. 



SPECIAL PRIZES. 

 Silver Cup for the beat bird in The Members' classes.- J. Turner, Penrith. 

 Silver Cup to the winner of the moat points in Classes 11 and 12.— J. Ratter, 

 Sunderland silver Cup to the winner of the moat points in Classes 13, 14, 15, 

 and 16, Alhersuch 4 Son, Coventry. Stiver Cup to the winner of the moat 

 points in C.asaea 17 and 18.— Cleminson & Ellerton, Darlington. Timepiece to 

 the wioner of the moat peinta in Classea ly, -20.21, and 22.— Reid 4 Wilkiuaon. 

 Halifax. Silver ' up to the winner of the most points in Claaaea 23, 24, and 25. 

 — R. Brjden, Loehmaben, Dumfriessliire. Silver Cup to the winner of the moat 

 points in Classes ;10, 31 and 32.— R. Hawman, Middlesborough. Silver Cup for 

 the bea. bird in the Open Classes, J. Spence, South Shields. 



JvDOES.— For English Birds : Mr. P. Rawusley, Bradford ; 

 and Mr. W. Watson, Darlington. For Scotch Birds : Mr. James 

 Thorpe, Dumfries. 



ALLOA POULTRY SHOW. 



The above Show was held in the Corn Exchauge, Alloa, on 

 January 1.5th and Kith. There was a fair display of poultry, and 

 Pigeons were a fine lot. Dorkings were very numerous, espe- 

 cially Silvers, and the prizewinners deservedly placed. Spanish 

 were good ; first a very nice pen, which we think we have seen 

 win several times this season. Hamburghs were numerous and 

 the quality good, especially the Golden-pencils. Golden-spangled 

 were entirely absent, but Silver-spangled made up for the defi- 

 ciency. Brahinas were a good though small lot, the first-prize 

 birds in this class winning the cup for the best pen in the Show. 

 Cochins were not numerous, nor were Game, which, however, 

 were of fine quality. Game Bantatns were a large lot. First 



were Black Red, a grand hen, bnt the cock too squirreled in the 

 tail ; second fair Piles. Any other variety Bantams. — First 

 Black, which should, however, have been not higher than third. 

 Second good Silver Sebrights; second better Blacks than first. 

 Any other variety. — First, good Black Hamburghs ; second, 

 Houdans ; third, Creves. 



Pigeons were headed by White Pouters, which were a good 

 lot and well judged. Red or Yellow came next. First a grand 

 pen of Reds : the hen in this pen won the cup for the best 

 Pigeon in the Show. Second was a mistake ; 188, Yellow, un- 

 noticed, was far before them in all respects. Blues were a fine 

 class well judged, as was the Any-other-colour class ; first here 

 Mealy, a really magnificent hen and good cock. Tumblers were 

 numerous ; the best pen of the lot was the first Kites in the 

 Any-other- colour class. Fans were, we think, a mistake; first 

 going to great coarse birds of English type, all tail, no motion. 

 Any other variety. — First, Red Barbs ; second, Carriers, a fine 

 pair; third. Dun Barbs. 



Judges. — Poultry : Mr. Jardiue, Kilmarnock; Pigeons: Mr. 

 A. Frame, Larkhall. 



DRAGOONS VERSUS HORSEMEN. 



I H.4VE read with much pleasure the communications of Mr. 

 Staunton and Mr. Henry upon this subject, and I may add that 

 I have had private letters from some who, though they decline 

 coming forward in print, yet as heartily agree with my view as 

 the two above-named gentlemen. Now, I think that Pigeon 

 fanciers — I mean true fanciers — and much as I delight in shows, 

 yet the prizes do slightly interfere with genuine Pigeon love, 

 for a number of men exhibit for prizes who but for prizes wonlii 

 not keep Pigeons. I say that true Pigeon-fanciers have a great 

 regard for the opinions, especially the recorded opinions, of 

 fanciers of a former day ; that they do not regard the fancy as 

 merely a thing of the present, but as an old taste and regulated 

 by old rules ; that a hundred years ago a Pouter was a Pouter 

 as now, a Carrier a Carrier, and that a Dragoon ought to be a 

 Dragoon ; and I add that true fanciers are jealous of any changes 

 of name or nature, and only welcome changes which all fanciers 

 agree to as being improvements. Returning to the subject of 

 genuine fanciers and shows, I quote with much pleasure the 

 words of a grand old fancier of Pouters, Mr. Ure of Dundee. 

 Speaking of the days of his youth he says, " In those days I 

 should think no one but a genuine fancier kept Pigeons. They 

 had no open shows, as we have now almost every week, so there 

 was nothing to induce the spurious or mere ' showing ' fancier 

 to go into them. They had their private clubs, where they met 

 to exhibit their old ' cracks ' or the young coming ' wonders ' 

 that were to knock the old ones off their perches ; and I am not 

 sure but these were the right sort of shows after all." It is, 

 then, genuine fanciers, who free from prize-bias (not but that 

 many who take prizes are very genuine fanciers), to take care 

 that the laws of the fancy be not improperly altered, and that a 

 bird of one variety be not foisted on to the world as a bird of 

 another — e.g., that a bad Carrier or a good Horseman be not 

 penned with Dragoons and pass by their name. 



In this matter let us go back to our forefathers and hear what 

 they have to say, and what sort of a bird they call a Dragoon 

 Pigeon. Old Moore, A.r>. 173.5, gives a longish account of the 

 Horseman, a bird then thought much of, and even painted in 

 oils by Bogdani, an eminent painter of the reign of Queen Anne, 

 and several of whose works that Queen had in her palaces, where 

 they hang to this day. These birds are described minutely as 

 to head, &c., and colour ; and these very birds I hold are now 

 highly esteemed, but called " Dragoons, London Style." In the 

 Treatise, a.d. 1765, we have a little more about the Dragoon ; 

 but we have nothing added by Girton ; and until the modern 

 writers. Brent, and Eaton, and others, nothing save one remark- 

 able exception. In the work published by Longman, first 

 edition, 1 fancy about 1830, we have a good engraving of a Dra- 

 goon's head, just like the one pictured by Mr. Ludlow; and 

 accompanying the engraving these additional words of descrip- 

 tion — " One of the principal beauties of the Dragoon is the 

 straightoess of the top of its skull and that of its beak, which 

 ought almost to make a horizontal line with each other." Then 

 goes on a remark saying that the cut is from a fine living bird. 

 But in the words I have quoted lies the pith of the whole matter 

 — straightnesB of skull and of beak; and in the book quoted, 

 "the lightness and smallness" of the Dragoon is spoken of in 

 contradistinction to the heaviness of the Horseman. 



Now, such was the Dragoon, and such is the true historical 

 fancy Pigeon rightly called a Dragoon, so named from the small 

 light cavalry soldier called a Dragoon, who is a small man and 

 rides a small horse, while the Horseman Pigeon corresponds to 

 the heavy horse soldier. I have had the opportunity of seeing 

 a group of true Dragoons drawn by Mr. Ludlow, which when 

 published will delight the fanciers of the genuine bird. Much 

 as I like some fanciers, though their knowledge is almost limited 

 to Pigeons, yet those who know something of English literature 

 as well as Pigeons should have a voice in this matter. 



I have not seen one Argument in favour of Horsemau-Dra- 



