374 



JODENAL OF HOBTIOULTUEE AND COTTAGE GABDENER. 



[ May 13, 1875. 



5, Tricolore de Flandre; G, General WashitiBton ; 7, John 

 Hopper; 8, Gloire de Dijon. Nos. 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 need no ap- 

 praieer or commentator. (]'ide note, to which I especially call 

 Mr. Van Houtte's attention, as he once said I was the most 

 picturesque writer of the age !) No. 1 is one of the best of 

 Jules Margottin's children : it is quite distinct ; it is an ex- 

 panded Eose, bombed and frilled like a shirt. I wonder why 

 it went out? It is one of Margottin's masterpieces. I still 

 retain it, hut do not recommend it because it has gone out of 

 the catalogues. No. 3 is, when it comes like a zebra, very 

 fine, but usually it is a reluctant opener, like La Eeine its 

 parent. I still retain it. I have seen on the same twig a per- 

 fect La Eeine and a perfect zebra. It is a sporting sport. 

 No. 6 when it opens successfully is a grand Eose. It usually — 

 almost universally — splits its petal band, and looks like a 

 horseshoe. It is a hardy, fine-growing, bud-producing Kose. 

 I gave away thirty fine plants of it for the above reason ; still 

 exhibitors should retain it. 



Synonymcs (Teas), 1, Belle de Bordeaux, or Gloire de Bor- 

 deaux ; 2, BoutCre, or Clotilde ; 3, Clara Sylvain, or Ln,cly 

 Warrender, or Madame Bureau ; 4, Madame Mauriu, or Adele 

 Pradel, or Madame Denis; 5, Madame Bravy, or Alba rosea; 



6, Souvenir d'un Ami, or Queen Victoria ; 7, Celine Forestier, 

 or Liesis ; 8, Le Pactole, or Madame de Challenge ; 9, Madame 

 Deslorgehamps, or Adelaide Pavie ; 10, Narcisse, or Enfant de 

 Lyon ; 11, Catherine Guillot, or Michel Bonnet ; 12, Louise 

 Odier, or Madame de Stella; 13, Modele de Perfection, or 

 Celine Gonod ; 14, Auguste Mie, or Madame Eival ; 15, Le 

 Lion des Combats, or Beaute Francaise; IC, Louise Pey- 

 ronny, or Lajlia; 17, Madame Masson, or Gloire de Chatillon. 

 These, in my opinion, should not have gone out; I will buy 

 either on their own roots — say twenty plants. 18, Maurice 

 Bemardin, or Exposition de Biie, or Ferdinand de Lesseps, or 

 Augutte Neumann (I see no difference here) ; 19, Sfinateur 

 Favre, or Puebla, or Frani;'ois Fontaine ; 20, Sophie Coquerelle, 

 or Julie de St. Aiguant ; 21, Virginal, or Madame Liabaud ; 

 22, Madame Campbell d'lslay, or Triomphe de Valenciennes. 

 — W. F. Eadclyffe. 



[Mr. Eadcljffe sent some specimens of his Eoses to a brother 

 rosarian, and the following are a part of his comments — 

 " When I opened the box and spread the contents before me 

 tears of envy almost came to my eyes — such clean, bright, 

 handsome foliage, Felix Genero especially, and so healthy and 

 vigorous too ! Havirg seen leaves from your Eose trees I 

 should like to have a leaf or two out of jour book of succeeeful 

 Eose culture." — Ens ] 



NOKTHEEN GARDEN PEOSPECTS. 



The season of 1874-5 baa been as trying a one as many 

 yonng gardeners will remember ; and for the matter of that 

 the veterans will have difficulty in recalling many seasons 

 which have more sorely exercised their judgment and puzzled 

 their skill. I speak of the north of England. 



Commencing in October, we had high winds, sleet, rain, and 

 frost, which continued until the beginning of December, when 

 for nearly a month thick snow lay continuously on the ground, 

 accompanied by frost of unusual intensity. Water pipes and 

 gas pipes were frozen up, and both indoors and out the most 

 unremitting and judicious care and attention was necessary to 

 continue vitality in plant life; and despite the most vigilant 

 care great numbers of plants fell victims to King Frost. On 

 the evening of the first day of the new year rain fell copiously, 

 rendering the hard-crusted snow like a sheet of glass. By-and- 

 by the intensely cold atmosphere yielded to the successive days' 

 rains, and was followed by as great a transition of warmth. 

 Water pipes were burbt in all directions, and much loss from 

 this cause resulted. January continued mild throughout, and 

 the hitherto torpid vegetation took precocious spring-like life. 

 Fears were now entertained that this precocity would soon 

 receive a withering rebuff; and so it happened, but not to the 

 extent anticipated. During February and March a seasonable 

 coldness prevailed, and the wind continued almost daily in the 

 east. Thus was the immature growth of January checked, and 

 we began to breathe more hopefully in anticipation of the 

 spring months. 



April was simply a glorious month. The earth, irrigated 

 by the heavy falls of snow of December, heightened by the 

 copious showers of January, and which was held in sinlii quo 

 by the neutral mouths of Februaiy and March, jet n-taiued 

 great moisture, and consequently, although only about IJ iuch 

 of rain fell in April, vegetation made rapid progress, heavy 



nourishing dews falling nightly, a slight frost being perceptible 

 on hut one night, from the effects of which we soon recovered. 

 Since the advent of May we have had slight showers, bright 

 sunshiny days, and a daily temperature of GO' and upwards in 

 the shade. But the call was that more rain was wanted, and 

 it came. On Wednesday, the 5th a thunderstorm passed over, 

 and on the evening of the 6th the earth was saturated with 

 gently-falling rain, which continued through the night and up 

 to noon of the 7th. At the present time we have ample re- 

 ward for past anxiety. 



Never do I remember such a wealth of blossom — not on one 

 Epc-cies of plant, but on all. The severe winter seems to have 

 almost annihilated the liviug enemies of plant life, and the 

 orchards and gardens, the conservatories and the fields are 

 simply gorgeous in their wealth of bloom, whilst the change 

 from blossom to fruit is being carried on under the most 

 favourable auspices. 



For several years past we have experienced severe frosts in 



the middle of May, and the recurrence of these is now our 



only fear. As an evidence of the early and favourable season 



we have an old couplet applicable to the north that 



" A swarm of bees in May 



Is worth a load of hay." 



Swarms in the early part of May are held to be rar<e m^es, yet 

 a local paper of the Oth iust. recorded no less than three as 

 having taken wing on the 5th of May, one of which occurring 

 in High Furness, Lonsdale North, is said to be the earliest 

 ever known there in living man's recollection. — Beta. 



THE TEMPLE GARDENS. 



It is common to regard the great metropolis as composed of 

 bricks, business, and smoke, from which vegetation is banished, 

 and where the budding leaves of spring are not to be seen, 

 yet within two minutes' walk of the busy thoroughfare of 

 Fleet Street are forest trees of full size and healthy, and a 

 few yards further is a smooth expanse of turf of refreshing 

 verdure, and a display of flowers of enlivening aspect. This 

 is in the gardens of the Inner Temple. 



These gardens are renowned in the autumn for their dis- 

 plays of the Chrysanthemum, and are also gay in summer, 

 and peihaps especially in spring by a glowing array of Tulips. 

 The beds of Tulips have this season been especially fine, but 

 the recent rains have accelerated the decay of the still bright 

 petals. A border about 70 yards long of Eex Eubrorum is ex- 

 ceedingly rich, while large beds of the double Tournesol are 

 massive and glowing. Beds of Keyzers-Kroon edged with 

 white Pottebakker are very effective, but their beauty is on the 

 wane. These are the only varieties which are grown in any 

 quantity. Scarcely a blank is to be seen in the beds. 



It is gratifying to see the euoouragemeut given by the 

 authorities to the cultivation of flowers iu the heart of London, 

 and the success which has attended Mr. Newton's efforts in 

 creating a brilUant spring display on the north terrace is 

 suggestive that the south terrace is equally adaptable to the 

 same purpose, and would add a fine feature to the view from 

 the Thames Embankment. 



SNAILS AND FRUIT TREES. 



How much damage is done to young fruit trees by snails is 

 not easy to determine, but there is little doubt that it is more 

 extensive than is generally appreciated. The power of injury 

 to young trees by snails is immense, and I do not hesitate to 

 say that more damage is done by the midnight feastinga of 

 these molluscs than by any other cause or means whatever. 

 Young fruit trees are planted with every care that the work is 

 well done. As spring approaches their bursting buds are 

 watched for with interest ; but the trees break stubbornly, and 

 many buds seem to make no progress whatever. In nine cases 

 out of ten the cause of this is the slugs and snails, and yet 

 they are never suspected. The moment the buds swell are 

 they seized by the snails, and damage is done before it is 

 visible to the human eye, except by very close watching. But 

 surely a gardener will watch? Well, he may ; but how many 

 amateurs are there who have planted trees to cover their walls, 

 and who never suspect danger from this fource? It is to 

 these that the reminder is given — watch for tho snails on your 

 young trees. They will, if unmolested, ruin a tree in a single 

 ; night by eating off the buds that were indispensable to form 

 I the future branches. Spread soot and lime along the wall, 

 I and, above all, examine the trees by candlelight. This ia 



