May 27, 1875. ] 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTUEE AND COTTAGE GAUDENER. 



419 



of decorative purposes. It will do well caltivated in large pots, 

 I)Qt it is far better to plant it out in a well-drained border, as 

 the dark green large glossy leaves will testify, and the flowers 

 are as large again. Mealy bug is a very troublesome pest on 

 this plant. As this plant is invaluable where quantities of cut 

 flowers are required, it is worthwhile to spend some time in 

 cleaning it ; the bug must be destroyed by hunting them up and 

 picking them off by hand, and by washing with a sponge and 

 soapy water. We do not allow the growths to become crowded 

 or intertwined with each other. As nearly all the climbing and 

 many other plants are now in flower, and as it is very desirable 

 to retain their freshness as long as possible, just sufficient arti- 

 ficial heat is kept up as will raise the night temperature to Uo", 

 the atmosphere is a little drier and more ventilation is allowed 

 by day, but as the south-west winds have prevailed this week it 

 has been necessary to be cautions. 



Ferns and foliage plants are frequently syringed with tepid 

 water, taking care not to wet Gymnogrammas, as the gold and 

 white powder being washed about quite spoils the fronds. Orchids 

 in flower are removed to a cooler house, where the bloom lasts 

 much longer than it does in the stove. 



FLOWER G.UIDEN. 



By the time this is in print nearly all the bedding plants will 

 be out, the exceptions being the more tender plants, such as 

 Alternantheras, Coleus, Iresine, &c. We always bed out early, 

 seldom later than the second week in May, but the plants are 

 strong and well inured to the weather. Our belief, and it 

 receives confirmation annually, is that one good plant that has 

 not been too closely crowded with others is worth six weakly 

 specimens that require half the season before they become 

 established. High winds have been a source of annoyance to 

 us while planting, but in all other respects circumstances have 

 been favourable. 



Now is the time to attend to Violets. The best runners should 

 be selected and planted in rich soil, the leaves should be washed 

 in soapy water to destroy red spider. In our light gravelly soil 

 this pest is very troublesome ; in dry seasons the leaves on the 

 old plants have been quite destroyed by midsummer. Lee's 

 Victoria Regina, figured some time ago in this Journal, should 

 be extensively grown. The flowers are very large, richly coloured, 

 and highly scented. 



It will now be time to plant out Dahlias. If the plants are 

 still in cold frames the lights should be oft night and day, unless 

 there are signs of a frost. The permanent sticks should be 

 placed to the plants as soon as they are planted. Of course the 

 ground was prepared in tho autumn by being deeply trenched 

 and well manured ; nevertheless a rich compost should be placed 

 round the roots to start the plants into growth at once. 



Hollyhocks — if the spikes are wanted about the last week in 

 August or early in September — should now be ready to put out ; 

 indeed they might have been planted with advantage earlier in 

 the month. In Scotland we used to plant about the last week 

 in April or the first in Hay for the September shows, and the 

 plants were propagated in the previous autumn. In the south 

 plants propagated hy root-grafting in spring make the best spikes. 

 The ground for them requires to be prepared as for Dahlias, 

 and the treatment in other respects is similar. Red spider de- 

 stroys the leaves if it is not washed off by syringing. 



We have finished potting the Auriculas, the plants are now 

 rooting freely. No mistake will be made in potting any class of 

 flowers if the operation is performed at the time the roots are 

 active. Any plants with long stems were cut over at the sur- 

 face of the ground, the head potted in a small pot and placed 

 under a beU-glass ; this prevents the leaves from flagging, as if 

 this occurs the cutting or crown will not do well. Many offsets 

 start from the headless stump and soon form strong cuttings. 

 — J. Douglas. 



TEADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 



Mr. William Bull, King's Road, Chelsea.— 7i'ei!ai7 List of New 

 and Bare Plants. 



The New Plant and Bulb Company, Lion Walk, Colchester.— 

 List of Fern^ and Orchids. 



HORTICULTURAL EXHIBITIONS. 

 Beobetaries will oblige ns by informing ua of the datea on 

 which exhibitions are to be held. 



Cetstal Palace Compant.— Flower Show, May 29th; Koso Show, Jane 26th ; 



Autumn Fruit and Flower Show, September 7th to 9th— Sec, F. W. 



"WUson. Bees and their appliances, September 21st to 23rd — See., J. 



Hunter. 

 CovENTKV.— May Slat. Mr. T. 'Wigston, 8, Portland Terrace, Lower Ford 



Street, Sec. 

 Leeds.— Jane 0th, 10th, and 11th. Mr. J. Birkbeck, Delph Lane, Woodhouse, 



Leeds, Sec. 

 BoRToN-upoN-TiiENT.— June 16th. Mr. Wm. Shaye, Bond Street, Sec. 

 Jebsey. — Roses June 16th, Autumn October 18th, Chrysanthemums Novem- 

 ber loth. Major Howell, Spring Grove, St. Lawrence, Hon.-Seo. 

 yoBK.— June 16th, 17th, and Ibth. Mr. Jno. WUson, 13, New Street, York, 



Sec. 



Glasgow.— June 16th, September 8th. Mr. F. G. Dougall, 167, Caonjog 



Street, Sec. 

 Exeter (Rose Show).— June 18th. Mr. J. N. Gray, Queen Street Chambers, 



Hon.- Sec. 

 Fabeham. — Jane 23rd. Mr. H Smith, Sec. 

 Stowmaeket.— June 21th and 25th. Mr. S. Prentice, Hon.-Sec. 

 Bejoate (Rose).— June 26th, 1S75. Bushby Britten, Eaii., Hon.-Sec. 

 Wisbeach.— June 3L)th. Mr. C. Parker, Hon.-Seo. 

 Maidstone.— (BosesI, Juno 30ih, at Vmtera Park. H. Benstead, Esq., 



Hon. Sec, Rose C:ub, Mill Street, Maidstone. 

 NoBFoLK AND NORWICH HORTICULTURAL SoclETV. — Rose Show, Juue 30th. 



E. A. Field, Hon.-Sec. 

 BrRMlNGHAM.— July Ist, 2nd, 3rd, and 5th. Mr. Qnilter, Aston Park Sec. 

 Spalding. — July 1st and 2nd. Mr. G. F. Barrcll, Hon.-Sec. 

 Brockham Rose Show.— July 3rd. Rev. AlanCheales and Charles Mortimer, 



Esj., Hon.-Secs. 

 Bouthgate.— July 3rd. John Miles, Esq , Hon -Sec, Southgate, N. 

 Durham and Nortuumherland.— To be held at Elswick Park, July 7th 



and 8th. Mr. B. Revely, Sec. 

 Grantham.— Julv 7th and wth. Schedules, &c, from Mr. Lyne, Bookseller. 

 Winterton. — July 7th and Hth. Mr. McCallam, Sec. 

 Fbome (Rose). — July 8th. Mr. A. R. Baily, Hon.-Sec. 

 KiLSEY.— July 8th. Sec, Mr. C. E. Bracebridge. 

 Nottingham. — Rose Show, &c., July 8th, 9th and 10th, Apply to Alfred 



Kirk, Blunicipal Oltices, Nottingham. 

 O.VFOBD (Roses).— July 9th. Mr. C. R. Ridley, Hon.-Sec. 

 Heworth.- July 14th. Mr. R. H. Fc-ltoe, Heworth, York, Hon.-Sec. 

 OuNDLE.— July Hth. Mr. Alfred King, Sec 



ToNBRlDGE.— July 14th. Mr. W. Blair, Free Press Office, Hon.-Sec. 

 Wimbledon.— July loth and 16th. Mr. P. Appleby, 5, Linden Cottages, 



Sunnjside, Wimbledon, Hon.-Sec. 

 Dablington.— July 16th, at Southend. William Hodgson, Sec. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



*,* All correspondence should be directed either to "The 

 Editors," or to "The Publisher." Letters addressed to 

 Mr. .Johnson or Dr. Hogg often remain unopened unavoid- 

 ably. We request that no one will write privately to any 

 of our correspondents, as doing bo subjeeta them to un- 

 justifiable trouble and expense. 



Correspondeuta should not mix up on the same sheet questions 

 relating to Gardening and those on P oultry and Bee sub- 

 jects, and should never send more than two or three 

 questions at once. AU articles intended for insertion 

 should be written on one side of the paper only. We 

 cannot reply to questions through the post. 



Books (A New Subscriber).— Our "Garden Manual" contains directions 

 relative to all you mention. You can have it free by post it you enclose 

 twenty postage stamps with your direction. 



Sdmmer-pinching Fruit Trees (F. J.). — Leave the trees nntilthe end 

 of June. Apple trees are now in full flower. It is best not to pinch any 

 trees until the fruit is set. We have pinched a few Pear trees on the walls 

 that have no fruit upon them. 



Peach Leaves Partially Decayed (Kin[isbrid:ir).—The roots do not 

 supply a sufficiency of sap to maintain growth. Water with weak liquid 

 manure copiously, and put mulch over the surface at night, but removing it 

 during sunny days. We cannot guess about holes in Vine leaves. 



Peach Leaves Blistered ^An Old Subscriber iind L.).—Ths blistering is 

 occasioned by exposure to very low temperatures, such as night frosts. Pro- 

 tection is the only prevention. Pick oH all the blistered leaves, and take care 

 that all the aphides on them are destroyed with them. The shoots should 

 be thinned-out, so that the young growth may be laid-in thinly to mature for 

 the next season's crop ; the fruit should also be thinned, leaving a fruit to 

 about every square foot of wall surface. If you wish a fruit to remain at the 

 base of a shoot to be removed, pinch that shoot in preference to removing it 

 altogether, and the few leaves left will nourish the fruit. Amateurs' Peach 

 trees are frequently overcrowded by laying the young wood in too thickly. 



Rose Aphides and Mildew. — In answer to " D. J." the Rev. Mr. Rad 

 clyfle writes :— " I kill the first and last broods of aphides with finger and 

 thumb, and then syringe. They first appear on the hot south walls. I im- 

 mediatelr kill them. The first brood proceeds from eggs laid in September. 

 The September aphides are oviparous, and the spring and summer broods are 

 viviparous. I believe, if not interfered with, there are ten generations in a 

 season. As regards mildew, I simply cut oil the twig and burn it before the 

 parasitic fungus has time to spread. I do the same with orauge fungus. By 

 destroying the egg-layers in September you will stop much 8i)ring and sum- 

 mer mischief. My chief remedy for insects is cold water and squeezing.— 

 W. F. Radclyffe." 



White Parsley.— "Your correspondent, 'Sigma,' is deceived respecting 

 the ' white Parsley ' used by chemists to flavour essences. He has probably 

 seen it in the bottles, but it is only the ordinary Parsley used to coljur, not 

 to flavour essences. The chlorophyll, or green-colouring matter, of the Parsley, 

 being extracted by the spirit, leaves the Parsley blanched. It ia generally 

 used for the mint essences. — A. Deck." 



Echeverias and Sempebvxvoms (Miles). — When planted in the beds they 

 are better turned out of the pots, as they grow much more freely. There is 

 no advantage in putting them out in the pots, unless the plants may be as 

 large as is wished, and the planting with the pots acts as a check to growth, 

 also the plants are more safely removed from the beds in the autumn than 

 plants which are taken up and potted. 



Peach Leaves Blistered (Tti^m). -Insects, probably aphis, are the cause 

 of the leaves curling, or it may have arisen from the blistered state of the 

 leaves occasioned by cold. The worst infected leaves we should remove, and 

 with warmer weather the leaves will come all right. There is no remedy for 

 blistering of the leaves but more efficient means of protection to the tender 

 growths from frost or cold weather. For tho aphis no remedy is so effectual 

 as a thorough syringing with tobacco water, the juice diluted with six times 

 the volume of water, and each gallon of the diluted liquid holding in solution 

 2 ozs. of soft soap. 



