92 Forestry Quarterly. 



the other hand, great light intensity at time of budding accelerates 



the development of foliage. 



The ''light" bud compared with the "shade" bud is heavier, 

 larger, more robust and firmly closed with more numerous thicker 

 scales and with the disposition of a longer, more fully foliaged 

 shoot. 



Not high, even temperatures, but sudden temperature changes 

 exercise a stimulating influence on buds. The author concludes 

 that shade buds or shade plants react more readily to outer 

 stimuli, than light plants or buds, because temperature changes 

 are more readily felt by the looser shade buds. 



The application in silvicultural practice is to lead to a slower 

 removal of nursetrees, to give time for a change from shade to 

 light buds, to avoid sufifering by the young crop due to sudden 

 light changes. Also, if it is desired to retard the beech crop in 

 order to give interplanted spruces a chance a sudden setting free 

 will accomplish this. The use of shade plants for planting in the 

 open is explained as undesirable, if older than i to 3 years, when 

 the characteristics are not yet much developed. Similarly older 

 light plants should not be used for underplanting. 



Untersuchungen ilber den Blattausbruch nnd das so'iistige Verhalten 

 von Schatten- und LichtpHansen der Buche tind einiger anderer Laub- 

 holzer. Mitteilungen der Schweiz. Zentralanstalt fiir das forstliche Ver- 

 suchswesen. X Band, 2 Heft, 191 2. 



The phenomenon of a sudden wilting of 



Burning foliage in dry seasons (winter or summer) 



of is usually explained as a result of excessive 



Foliage. transpiration with deficient soil moisture 



supply. Eulefeld recites the experiences of 



the dry season of 191 1, when trees on better soils, due to rank 



weed growth, suflfered more than on sand soils without such 



competition. Shallow soils and southern exposures, of course, 



suffered most. Trees damaged by fungi, especially leaf fungi 



(spot fungi) also seemed to suffer more than vigorous ones, all 



of which conditions influence transpiration. 



The author, however, claims that this damage was not alone 

 due to excessive transpiration, for trees whose foliage was best 

 protected against this, also suffered. In one case, on a small flat 

 island, a stand of spruce ten feet high, whose roots were all 



