Influence of Shade on Plantations. 183 



Although planting method and time were the same for all three 

 species, the average percentage of survivals show distinct vari- 

 ations, which might be partially accounted for, however, by 

 variations in planting site : 



Species. Stock. Number. Per cent. 



Inspected. Alive. 



White pine, 3 yr. transplants, 3183 73-5 



Scotch pine, 2 yr. transplants, 656 88.7 



Red oak, i yr- seedlings, 99 92.6 



The number of the red oaks is too limited to warrant details. 

 It should be noted, however, that they occupy the lower portion 

 of a gentle southerly slope, and a small flat along an intermittent 

 stream which was dry in the summer of 1912. The site was 

 distinctly better than those of the pine plantations. It may also 

 be of interest that 6 of the 92 live trees were sprouts. The 

 stems of the trees had died, but in each case two sprouts had 

 appeared. 



The results in the case of the Scotch pine are worthy of a more 

 detailed statement, for whatever one may think of this exotic for 

 commercial planting in a region where the industries demand the 

 soft light wood of the white pine, it showed remarkable hardi- 

 ness. The site is an abandoned field, level, or sloping very gently 

 to the south. The only shade was from two or three small 

 birches and pines, and from one or two larger trees on the 

 western edge. The soil is similar to that in the white pine area, 

 but some of the stones were taken out when the field was plowed 

 20 to 40 years ago. In general, the site appears but very little 

 better than the white pine area, especially if drouth is to be 

 feared. The planting method was the same- A comparison of 

 the figures for the two species, excluding all shaded trees, fol- 

 lows: 



No Stones or Root With Stone. With Root 



Species. Competition. Competition. 



Number. % Alive. Number. % Alive. Number. % Alive. 



White Pine, 603 516.5 iii 42 107 46 



Scotch Pine, 526 89 87 89 24 75 



The single Scotch pine which had both a nearby stone and root 

 competition, but no shade, was alive. Of 18 Scotch pines with 



