Current Literature. 227 



flood season, where red gum and tupelo together form approxi- 

 mately 40 per cent, of the stand; red oak and white oak, 35 per 

 cent., and cypress, ash, elm, hickory, hackberry and cottonwood 

 form the remaining 25 per cent. The third type is formed by 

 the narrow sinuous cane ridges, usually rising above the water 

 level, covered with a stand of oaks, hickory, red gum and other 

 species, usually of inferior quality, and containing a dense un- 

 dergrowth of cane and briars. 



Commercial cypress has been stripped from the alluvial region 

 in the northern two-thirds of the State where the cypress swamps 

 contain only polewood cypress but often heavy stands of tupelo. 

 In the lower Mississippi parishes cypress stumpage is worth 

 from $6 to $8 per M feet. The purchasers of stumpage are usually 

 allowed 10 to 30 years to remove the timber, and thus the seller 

 loses the increase in value of the stumpage during the cutting 

 period. The annual cut of cypress in Louisiana is 608,000 M. feet, 

 or 63 per cent, of the total cut in the United States. The present 

 stand of cypress in the State is estimated to be 15.7 billion feet. 



The bluff region is mostly under cultivation or in pasture land. 

 Only small woodworking industries prevail. The prairie and 

 sea-marsh regions are without commercial timber. 



The outlook for forest management in Louisiana is not bright 

 and will not be until there is a change of attitude toward forest 

 fires and grazing in the forest. Fire runs over the pine lands 

 nearly every year to the almost complete destruction of the 

 possible future stock. Some 3.5 million acres of the 7.5 million 

 acres of pine lands have been cut over and owing to repeated 

 fires the area is producing nothing of value- The large com- 

 panies are so heavily bounded and have such heavy operating 

 charges that they can take no thought of future production on 

 the same area. The only hope of conservative management is 

 apparently with the smaller and more permanent operator. 



C. D. H. 



The Composite Type on the Apache National Forest. By Har- 

 old H. Greenamyre. Bulletin No. 125 U. S. Forest Service. 

 Washington, D. C, 1913. Pp. 32. 



The composite type with which this bulletin deals occurs on 

 limited areas at approximately 9,000 feet elevation in the V/hite 



