Periodical Literature. 249 



the stand on these sample areas, leaving out any deductions for 

 rot, is stated as around $1,000 per acre. 



Svcriges virkesrikastc skogsbestand. Skogsvardsforeningens Tidskrift- 

 1912. Pp. 195-210. 



The State forests of Finland, about 31 

 Finland million acres, are divided into two classes, 



Forest namely definite forest reservations, some 5 



Administration . million acres, and public forest domain not 

 yet disposed of, which may or may not be 

 changed into reservations or crown forests. Both these proper- 

 ties are under a central forest direction at Helsingfors in the 

 resort of the Economic Department of the Imperial Senate, to 

 which latter all important questions are submitted. 



The Senate appoints the officials from a list of eligibles (three 

 for a place) which the forest direction submits, designating its 

 preference. The financial budget is also voted by the Senate, 

 separately for salaries and for other work- The funds for the 

 latter, some one million dollars annually are spent at the dis- 

 cretion of the administration ; but all larger sales of wood and 

 any disposition over the public domain ("crown excess soils") 

 are decided by the Senate. 



The constitution of the administrative office is collegiate, con- 

 sisting of a director, two counsellors, and an inspector (Forstober- 

 revisor), the director being only the presiding officer, but having 

 the deciding voice in case of a tie, and dealing with small ques- 

 tions independently. 



There are 16 other persons employed at this central office, be- 

 sides clerks, draftsmen, etc.; the total number amounting to 48; 

 the expense to $36,000. 



The appointment of the director is made by the Czar, who is 

 grand duke of Finland. 



The total forest area is divided into 8 inspectorates, each pre- 

 sided over by an Oberforstmeister, having several Forstmeister 

 or supervisors to administer the reviers, of which there are in all 

 82. Under the latter there are in each revier one or more under- 

 foresters, educated at a foresters' school of two year course, 

 acting as assistants. Besides, some 798 forest guards, and some- 

 times additional guards, look after the protection of the property. 

 A special working-plan corps of 12 forest revisors, with assis- 



