Periodical Literature. 273 



nical circles aroused so much interest that in 191 1 a second edi- 

 tion appeared. Whereas this book dealt especially with the sil- 

 vicultural side of Wagner's method, the new work deals more 

 with the management side. Although in the first chapter the 

 method of border cuttings is again explained from all stand- 

 points, stress is laid on the second chapter, which deals with the 

 systematization of managemicnt by border cuttings. In this 

 chapter Wagner seeks to answer the question : "How must the 

 forest be organized, of what form must the management be, if a 

 lasting application of the proposed method of regeneration shall 

 be possible?' A third chapter deals with the conversion of pres- 

 ent methods of management into those of border cuttings- 



"Whereas the forest management of to-day is built upon a 

 single stand which exhibits a uniform character according to age, 

 and growth, Wagner puts in its place cutting series which in the 

 direction of border (regeneration strip), in general in the direc- 

 tion from east to west, are even-aged; but taken for the whole 

 area are always uneven-aged, showing a decreasing age in the 

 cutting direction of north to south. 



"The single even-aged parts within each cutting series are very 

 small, the width varying according to conditions, and averaging 

 perhaps 20 meters (65.60 feet), i hectare (2.47 acres) of cut- 

 ting area would, therefore, have to have a length of 500 meters 

 (1,640 feet). Wagner apparently desires just about the same 

 length in the direction "rom east to west. A forest with an an- 

 nual cut of 10,000 cu: !c meters (approximately 2,300,000 feet 

 board measure) and an average yield of 200 cubic meters per 

 hectare (34,000 feet B. M. per acre) would, therefore, require 50 

 places of cutting per year, of which, however, several could be 

 in the same cutting series. Since the system provides that the 

 cut shall be repeated on every area after an interval of five years, 

 there would have to be 250 cutting areas for a forest of from 

 2,000 to 2,500 hectares (4,940 to 6,175 acres) in size. This 

 enormous number of cutting areas must not only be managed on 

 the ground, but, for purposes of regulating the yield, must be 

 booked, measured and entered on maps. I will pass over the 

 difficulties of timber sales under such conditions. 



"The more I have gone into this work, which proposes to an- 

 swer all questions and all objections in advance, the more im- 

 probable seems to me the carrying out of this system in general 



