588 Forestry Quarterly. 



waste are few and well known and the fund of information re- 

 garding them ample, but only careful and circumspect use of 

 it and of commercial sagacity promises financial success. 



Unselected millwaste is now used with success for producing 

 ethyl alcohol, two plants being in operation of 5,000 and 10,000 

 gallons capacity per day. Other distillation products like ace- 

 tate of lime, wood alcohol and charcoal; turpentine, pine oil and 

 rosin; tar, tar oils, creosote oils, pitch, light oils, wood oils and 

 gas have long been produced commercially. The production of 

 cattle food by treating sawdust with dilute acid has been success- 

 fully and cheaply accomplished in England, and at least one plant 

 is working on this problem in the States. 



Destructive distillation of resinous woods is not increasing 

 rapidly. New plants start up frequently, but unless the raw 

 material is cheap and well selected, the plant well managed, and 

 much care given to the preparation and marketing of goods 

 there is not a large margin of profit. Steam distillation for the 

 recovery of turpentine and pine oil is at present conducted only 

 in a few sawmills where all the wood waste is treated and leaves 

 a fair margin of profit. 



The most rapid increase within the last two or three years has 

 been in plants extracting turpentine, pine oil and rosin from 

 resinous woods by use of a solvent. At least 8 plants are in 

 operation and a number more under way. The yield is 10 to 12 

 gallons turpentine, 2 to 3 gallons pine oil, and 400 to 500 pounds 

 rosin per cord. Stumps yield larger amounts. The loss of sol- 

 vent during the extraction and the rise of price of solvent, due 

 to increased demand, is a serious matter. 



Pulp and Paper Magazine of Canada, May, 1913, pp. 349-350. 



Chapter V of this series of articles gives 



Lumbering a brief interesting history of the lumber 



in industry in Wisconsin, this being synony- 



Wisconsin. mous with the white pine industry in the 



earlier days. The first sawmill on record 



was built in 1809 on the Devil river, east of Depere. This was 



followed by mills at Kaukauna in 1816, at Menomonie in 1829, 



at Plover in 1831, with others in rapid succession, so that by 



1849 there were 47 mills along the Wisconsin river with some 



1,800 men engaged in rafting logs and lumber. 



