212 EFFECTS OF THE WINTER OF 1 853-4. 



pretty well up, and many plants had been excited into free 

 growth. We had then from 6° to 9°, and even 10° of frost one 

 morning at sun-rise. Plants, however, which at the time showed 

 the ill-effects of the hard weather, have now completely recovered, 

 and are making very luxuriant growth. — James Barnes. 



2G. Mr. Samuel Hereman, the Gardens, Chatsicorth. 



Tn this neighbourhood the thermometer sunk to 6° below zero. 

 The effects on vegetation were most disastrous ; hundreds of 

 standard roses perished ; in the kitchen garden, where the ther- 

 mometer only fell to 4° below zero, currants, gooseberries, apples, 

 and nearly all kinds of fruit-trees suffered severely. 



•27. J. H. \\vian,Es([.,M.'P., Singleton, Swansea. (G.A. 469.) 

 Singleton is 209 miles west of London, and 84 miles west of 

 Bristol ; it stands close upon the sea, facing the south, and lies 

 as it were in a curve between two hills projecting into the sea on 

 its eastern and western sides ; these hills no doubt afford us 

 great protection, but we are exposed to the S.W. sea breezes, and 

 being within two miles of patent fuel works on the east, we 

 occasionally suffer from the effects of the smoke. This has been 

 the most severe winter we have had for many years ; during 

 January we had from 7° to 16° of frost, and in April from 4° 

 to 7°. — William Barron. 



Abelia rupestris ; untouched, Bicton. 



Abelia floribunda ; uninjured on a south-east wall, South- 

 ampton. 



Abelia uniflora ; killed, Acton Green ; not affected during the 

 winter, Bagshot. 



Abies Pinsapo ; not injured, Chiswic'k ; uninjured, on the 

 level ground, Acton Green; not affected during the winter, 

 Bagshot; perfectly green, Alton; slightly hurt, Rolleston ; 

 not injured, Nottingluun, and Southainpton ; ten feet in height, 

 appears hardier than P. Cephalonica in resisting spring frosts, 

 Bicton, 



Abies nobilis ; not injured, Chiswick ; not affected during the 

 winter, Bagshot ; very brown, Ware ; perfectly green, Alton ; 

 not injured, Ossington ; foliage browned, but quite recovered, 

 Exeter ; sixteen feet in height, a fine tree, Bicton. 



Abies Webbiana ; not injured, Chisivick ; not affected during 



