62 Forestry Quarterly 



ence of considerable numbers of seedlings on old logging roads 

 and on spots where brush piles have been burned is significant, 

 although there are also seedlings in the tall bunch grass. The 

 occurrence of thrifty two and three year old seedlings on the 

 edges of unburned brush piles indicates that such situations fur- 

 nish favorable conditions once the seedling gains a foothold under- 

 neath the litter. 



CLASSIFICATION OF DEAD TREES 



Number of Trees 

 Cause of Death Yellow Pine Black jack 



Fire 1 



Mistletoe 44 



Mistletoe and insects 1 59 



Mistletoe and porcupine 9 



Mistletoe, porcupine and insects 1 



Mistletoe and suppression 2 



Insects 1 13 



Porcupine 9 



Porcupine and insects 8 



Squirrels 2 



Squirrels and porcupine 1 



Windfall. 7 12 



Suppression 2 



Lightning 6 5 



Unclassified 5 3 



Total number of dead trees 21 170 



The total number of dead trees is thus 192 or 11 more than the total dead 

 as given in the table above. This discrepancy is not explained. 



The large amount of damage which is being done by mistletoe 

 is striking. Thirty-four per cent, of the living Black-jack and 

 35 per cent, of the Yellow Pine on the area are now afifected by the 

 parasite. During the past five years V/^ per cent, of the Black- 

 jack have been killed by mistletoe alone or in conjunction with 

 other agents, mainly insects. It is believed that mistletoe is 

 directly or indirectly responsible for by far the greater number 

 of deaths in which it appears as only one of the factors. The 

 marking on this area was done by the District Marking Board in 

 1909. At that time the policy was to cut mistletoe-infested trees 

 only when the infestation was rather serious, since it was thought 

 that a small or moderate amount of mistletoe would not injure 

 the tree for many years. It is apparent that mistletoe develops 

 rapidly after cutting since many trees left in 1909 have been 

 killed by it and many which, though still classed as living, will 



