Periodical Literature 87 



Administration is one of the policies of the Government, and the 

 Department of Agriculture and Forestry are framing a bill to 

 provide for replanting all timberlands when cut. Timber conces- 

 sions are granted only to citizens of the republic, and they cannot 

 be transferred or mortgaged without the sanction of the Bureau 

 of Forestry. 



In North Manchuria there are two classes of lumber taxes; 



Royalty of National forests of 8 per cent, of market value, collected 



by Department of Agriculture and Forestry and used for National 



Forest administration; Government tax of 10 per cent, market 



value, collected through Department of Finance, and used by the 



General Government. Another tax may be imposed in the nature 



of a local tax. 



O. L. S. 

 West Coast Lumberman, August, 1914. 



SOIL, WATER AND CLIMATE 



According to Lambert, forests show less 



Snow depth of snow than adjoining fields in the 



in early part of winter, but from midwinter on 



Forests their snow conserving effect is clearly shown 



in a series of parallel measurements of snow 



depth in forests and in adjacent fields extending over a series of 



twenty winters. Coniferous stands offer greater impediments 



to the accumiilation of snow but also retain most tenaciously that 



which does acciimulate. 



Die Hdhe der Schneedecke im Walde mid im Freien. Zeitschrift fur Forst- 

 und Jagdwesen. Oct., 1914, pp. 567-572. 



BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY 



An investigation similar to that by the 



Seed Color Russian Kurdiani and by Zederbauer on 



and Scotch pine referring to the variety of color 



Races of seeds (briefed in F. Q., vol. VI, pp. 287 and 



415) has been carried on by Dr. Pittauer on 



Austrian pine with a view of establishing biological varieties or 



races. As in Scotch Pine, he finds seeds all dark colored (black), 



all light colored and those that are variegated. An elaborate 



