258 Forestry Quarterly 



Budget regulation fails as a rule to adjust 

 Budget the felling budget to silvicultural require- 



Regulation ments. It is conceived for a clearing and 



and planting system with a definite predeter- 



Silviculture mined year for the fellings — the normal fell- 



ing age or rotation — the budget being based 

 upon the yield of that year, and the allotment of stands (the 

 oldest) for the felling budget being confined to a short period, 

 say ten years. 



If, as the author, Forstmeister Klumm, maintains, a really sus- 

 tained yield management, with proper safe guarding of the soil, 

 can be secured only by means of natural regeneration, then the 

 adjustment of the budget regulation must be made with refer- 

 ence to the regeneration period, the requirement that fellings be 

 made only when the stand has reached the age of the rotation 

 must be abandoned ; and the budget calculation and allotment 

 must be extended to the entire regeneration period. Natural re- 

 generation is gradual, requires time, its progress is slow and only 

 when the regeneration is safely established can the final cut be 

 made. The regard for the needs of the regeneration requires that 

 younger stands than those of the rotation, whose increment has 

 not yet reached that of the normal felling age, must be brought 

 into the budget calculation and some of the ripe stands must, for 

 a time (until the young crop permits their final removal), be left 

 unused, which then have surpassed the age of best increment : to 

 secure the same budget different-sized areas according to the age 

 of the stands will have to be cut over : the whole budget calcula- 

 tion has become futile. These difficulties, present even under 

 normal progress of regeneration, are aggravated if regeneration 

 does not proceed favorably, and the whole scheme of management 

 gets into trouble. 



To overcome this trouble, brought about by having the budget 

 calculation based upon the age of the rotation, the author pro- 

 poses the following plan. 



The budget is to be calculated not upon the one term of the 

 rotation, but on several terms. To this end first the needful regen- 

 eration period must be determined (by experience and judgment), 

 and this period also represents the time from the beginning of 



