568 Forestry Quarterly 



and expenses. The difference between these two, or the excess 

 of debits over credits, is made up of the unfulfilled parts of the 

 budget. 



The budget control statement is based on the working plan and 

 is intended to afford easy comparison between the plans of man- 

 agement set forth in the budget and the actual execution of these 

 plans. The results or balances of this statement are similar to 

 the present and future yield statement, but the manner of presen- 

 tation is different. 



Two methods may be used for obtaining these four statements, 

 the double entry system of bookkeeping, or a scheme of cost 

 accounting. The former is an exact science, furnishing results 

 capable of mathematical proof, while cost accounting is based 

 in part on estimates, but gives a more complete picture of the 

 status of the business. The main difficulty with the double entry 

 system is that it does not give directly the figures for the present 

 and future yield statement. This is natural because in each there 

 are estimates of future conditions which cannot be made to enter 

 into a system of formal bookkeeping. On the whole a system of 

 cost accounting, combining the good features of the double entry 

 method with such estimates as are necessary to set forth the 

 future conditions of the business, is most useful. 



K. W. W. 



Uber die Bedeutung der Kameralistischen und der doppelten Buchfiihrung in 

 der forstlicken Verrechnung. Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt, April, 

 1914, pp. 176-189. 



The comparative scarcity of feed as a 

 Food result of the war suggests the possibility 



Value of securing feed and even food for men 



of Wood from wood. It is well known that, especi- 



ally in winter, trees have stored consider- 

 able quantities of sugar, starch and fatty oils, especially in the 

 pith rays and parenchymatous tissue — reserve materials which 

 are being used up in the spring for growth of foliage, etc. From 

 20 to 25 per cent and more of the dry wood substance in volume 

 of the sapwood consists of such materials ; the heartwood con- 

 tains none. 



To make these materials available the lignified indigestible 

 tissues would have to be very finely ground and this wood flour 



