THE CONIFEROUS PLANTS OF ITALY. 119 



region of the Beech (Valle dell' Orfenta), and we must probably 

 refer to this species what Tenore called first Pinus sylvestris 

 (Florae Neapolitanae Prodromus, and Gcographie Pliysique), and 

 afterwards P. nigrescens of the Apennines (Flor. Neap. torn. v.). 

 It is probable, according to Savi, tliat tliis tree formerly grew 

 even in the Tuscan Apennines. 



It was first discovered in Corsica ; but it has since been found 

 in the countries of the south of Europe ; for example, on Mount 

 Serrat in Spain (Webb), on Mount Athos (Griesbach), on the 

 Taygetus, Cyllene, and other mountains of Greece (Hawkins), 

 as well as on Mount Ida in Crete and in Phrygia. 



The variety called Calabrica by Tenore, of which I obtained 

 specimens from the Botanic Garden at Naples, perfectly corre- 

 sponds with Duhamel's figure, and with the great tree of this 

 species in the Garden of Plants at Paris. The specimens from 

 Etna and tlie Majella have shorter and stiffer leaves, and hence 

 ought to be placed between P. Laricio and P. nigricans Host. 

 (Austriaca Hoss.), at least if we judge from the plants brought 

 from the Botanic Garden at Vienna. P. pyrenaica ought, per- 

 haps, to be referred to the same species. From this same garden 

 at Vienna, I also have specimens of P. Pallasiana, Lambert. P. 

 nigricans and P. Pallasiana are both very like P. Laricio, and 

 ought, perhaps, to form but one species with it. If this be so, 

 the species vvill be found to reach as far as the eastern Alps, 

 excepting, however, the south side, and as far as Hungary : for 

 the P. Pinaster, Rochel, comes within the category. P. Laricio 

 is therefore very much spread over the south of Europe, or if it is 

 regarded as distinct from the species above mentioned, it, as well 

 as species very analogous to it, will be found to occupy this 

 large tract of country. According to the New Duhamel, the 

 P. rubra of Michaux is the same as the Laricio ; the latter, then, 

 is found in Canada, and is the only species common to the two 

 continents ; this statement, however, requires to be confirmed. 



5. Pinus pinastkr. Lambert. 



This species grows in the sandy plains, and on the lower 

 mountains, on the soutli slope of the northern, and on the wes- 

 tern slope of the central, Apennines (Poegli, Sestri, Spezia, Sar- 

 zana, Viareggio, Marchia di Pisa, Monte - Pisano, as well 

 as, according to Savi, in the Maremmes of Sienna, and on the 

 different groups of mountains to the west of the Apennines, and 

 even on Mount Argentaro, according to Bi'occhi). 



It is not found to the south of this mountain, nor before we come 

 to the north of the Apennines. It has been said, it is true, to 

 have grown on the Pianura del Cavallino, near Venice (Pollini, 

 Naccari) ; but the specimens I found in this locality, which it 



