THE CONIFEROUS PLANTS OF ITALY. 123 



region is at a height of from 3000 to 6500 feet ; it sometimes 

 occurs as high as 7000 feet, but it is then dwarf, and occasion- 

 ally as low as 2000 or even 1500 feet (near La Piave). It is 

 not found anywhere on the Apennines. 



It is less common on the northern than on the southern slope 

 of the Alps, It is found in the Carpathian mountains and in the 

 Sarmatian plains ; but it does not exist in the German plain, nor 

 in the mountains of Scandinavia, nor in tlie Pyrenees ; it is 

 equally wanting in Greece and in the Iberian peninsula. The 

 Siberian larch is, according to Ledebour, another species (Larix 

 sibirica). 



IV.-CUPRESSUS. 



1. CuPRESsus SEMPERviRENS. Linn. 



The Cypress is found in gardens, or cemeteries, or avenues 

 throughout the whole of Italy, from the foot of the Alps to Ca- 

 labria, as well as in Sicily ; it is here and there found wild. Tlie 

 upper mean height at which it grows is about 2000 or 2500 feet. 



It is very common in the other countries surrounding the Me- 

 diterranean, Greece, Barbary, Africa, &c. It is supposed to be 

 really wild in the Grecian Archipelago and in Asia Minor. 



v.— JUNIPERUS. 



1. JUNIPERUS COMMUNIS. Linn. 



This species occurs very generally on the Alps from east to 

 west, from the foot to a height oi" 5000 feet, where it is replaced 

 by the following species, which'is very closely allied to it (Karsh, 

 Tagliamento, Baldo, Legnone, Bregaglia, Spliigen, Mont-Cenis). 

 It is also very common in the plain of the Po (Pianura del Ca- 

 vallino and the Euganeans), on the Apennines, at about the 

 same height as on the Alps (La Becchetta, Borghetto, Ponte- 

 moli, Cimone, Pianoro, Pietramala, Alpi Apuane, Prato, Monte 

 Pisano, La Vernia, Montamiata, Terni, Spoleto, Rieti, Lugnano, 

 Aquasanta, Ascoli), on the hills and plains near the coast to the 

 40th degree of latitude (Genoa, Viareggio, Marchia di Pisa, 

 Monte Limoiie, Montenero, Ostia, Monte Mario) ; it is seldom 

 to be met with more to the south, at least in the plains. It 

 grows in a dry sandy soil, on heaths and in woods. 



It occurs in the whole of the north of Europe as far as Lap- 

 land. It is also found in the Pyrenees, according to Bentham, 

 in Spain and in Greece, but, as it seems, only on the mountains, 

 and, lastly, on the Caucasus. According to Pursh and Hooker, 

 it is also found in Canada, in Newfoundland, near Lake Huron, 

 and on the western coast of North America as far as Sitcha ; 



