2o6 Forestry Quarterly. 



istic of the region is the absence of rocky outcrops or cliffs. The 

 number of small brooks and springs make the region very at- 

 tractive and beautiful. 



The greater portion of the forest land is found on the upper 

 slopes and tops of the hills, where the presence of so many rocks 

 in the soil renders agriculture impossible. Most of the land is 

 held in the form of large estates, and is used for summer resi- 

 dences and country places. 



The forests are almost entirely hardwood in composition — oc- 

 casional stands of hemlock on steep, cold, north slopes and in 

 ravines, being the only natural evergreen forests found. Three 

 main types of forest exist: i. the Hilltop; 2 . the Slope; 3. the 

 Bottom. 



Each type is characterized by the presence of certain species 

 of trees. The Hill-top Type contains a high percentage of 

 Chestnut Oak, Quercus prinus, L. — which on account of its ex- 

 acting light requirements and ability to grow on dry sites, ex- 

 cludes most of the other species. The chief trees of the Slope 

 Type are the Chestnut, Castanea dentata — which exists in practi- 

 cally pure stands, with some Butternut — Juglans cinerea, and 

 Oaks, and on the lower portions of the type, with some Ash 

 and Tulip. This latter portion of the type is so characteristic 

 that it seems best to call it a sub-type under the name of the Lower 

 Slope Type. The Bottom Type is found only along streams and 

 near springs and it is made up largely of Black Birch — Betula 

 lenta, Ash — and Tulip, White Oak, Quercus alba, and now and 

 then a Cherry, Basswood or Black Gum. In percentage of area 

 covered, the Slope Type is the largest, and the Hilltop the sec- 

 ond, while the Bottom covers only a small portion of the forest 

 lands. 



On the sample plots', the total number of chestnut stumps ex- 

 amined was 107. The average number of sprouts on each stump 

 for all three types was so nearly uniform that it may safely be as- 

 sumed that the site has no effect upon the number of sprouts 

 produced. The average number of sprouts per stump was 21.3 

 and 5.5 of them, or 26% had already died. These figures are 

 general for the whole area covered by the study, but the majority 

 of the plots were taken, perforce, on areas cut over less than a 

 year previous. From the few plots taken on land cut over seven 

 years ago, nearly every chestnut sprout was infected by the 



