248 Forestry Quarterly. 



by sowing a mixture of timothy, red top and Kentucky blue grass 

 on moist mountain meadows, sowing 16 pounds of seed per acre 

 and brushing it in with a brush drag, at a total cost of $1.40 per 

 acre. Timothy gave the best results in these studies and October 

 is named as the best month of the year for sowing. Reseeded 

 areas should be very lightly grazed during the first year. 



J. H. S. 



Range Improvement by Deferred and Rotation Grazing. By 

 A. W. Sampson. Bulletin 34, Department of Agriculture. Wash- 

 ington, D. C. 1913. Pp. 16. 



This report gives the results of three years' study of range 

 grazing and its effects on the principal forage plants. It is written 

 in a popular style and is apparently intended primarily for grazers 

 and range managers, as well as for federal forest officers. The 

 results secured by this study give information of great value on 

 the proper seasons for grazing summer ranges, a problem on 

 many national forests. It is clearly shown that close grazing in 

 the early spring and summer months prevents reproduction of 

 palatable plants by retarding seed maturity, and results in an in- 

 crease of the non-palatable species and a decrease in carrying 

 capacity. The figures secured show that the best results can be 

 obtained by close grazing in the late summer, after seed has ma- 

 tured, at which time the grazing animals tend to thresh out the 

 seed and trample them in the ground, which answers the purpose 

 of harrowing. J. H. S. 



The Shrinkage in Weight of Beef Cattle in Transit. By W. F. 

 Ward. Bulletin 25, Department of Agriculture. Contribution 

 from the Bureau of Animal Industry, Washington, D. C. 1914. 

 Pp. 78. 



Some interesting and valuable figures to the forester, who must 

 know facts outside of his forestry work, are contained in this 

 bulletin on the shrinkage of beef cattle in shipment, covering three 

 years' study in the southwest and the northwest. That the method 

 of handling cattle, the distance they are driven from the range 

 to the loading pens, and the fill given them just before loading 

 play an important part in the per cent, of shrinkage en route are 

 clearly brought out in this report, but for the reasons given above, 



