Current Literature. 249 



the figures given in the tables can be considered as only ap- 

 proximate. The old practice of giving a herd a light v^ater and 

 3 or 4 hours grazing before loading is shown to be better than 

 giving the cattle a good fill, or none at all, and the reasons for this 

 are also clearly shown. Taking an average of the shipment, the re- 

 port shows that the shrinkage is greater on fed cattle than on 

 range cattle. This is due largely to the fact that most range 

 cattle are driven a considerable distance to the railroad and some 

 shrinkage takes place before they are loaded, while fed cattle are 

 usually loaded close to the feeding place and have not yet begun 

 to shrink when they go in the cars. It is found that as a general 

 rule bulls shrink more than any other class of cattle, with cows 

 a close second. Heifers shrink less than cows and steers less 

 than heifers. Calves shrink less than the other classes but the 

 general average in proportion to weight is close to that of steers. 

 It is unfortunate for foresters on the national forests that this 

 study did not include figures on the shrinkage of cattle from the 

 time they leave the range until they are loaded, since had such 

 figures been given the study might have been of very great value 

 in the utilization of unused range, which is to be found on many 

 of the national forests, and which is a problem confronting many 

 federal forest officers at the present time. J. H. S. 



The Gipsy Moth and the Brozvn-Tail Moth, ivith Suggestions 

 for their Control. By A. F. Burgess. Farmers' Bulletin 564. 

 Washington. 191 4. Pp. 24. 



This bulletin summarizes the past and present status, the life 

 history, food plants, injury caused, natural and introduced ene- 

 mies, and methods of control of the gipsy and brown-tail moths 

 in a way to be of great value to the citizens of the northeastern 

 states. 



A map showing the area infested by and quarantined for these 

 moths is an interesting feature. The habits of the moth are too 

 well understood to need repetition, but conclusions in regard to 

 methods of control are worthy of note. Orchard, street, park and 

 ornamental trees can be protected without prohibitive cost by 

 methods now generally employed. "The control of these insects 

 in forests is extremely difficult, owing to the small amount of 



