522 Forestry Quarterly 



of one or two years' duration, prior to being given charge of a 

 State Forest. A State Forest may be isolated, as the Buchanan 

 State Forest, or it may be a part of a large contiguous area, as 

 the Pine Grove, Caledonia, and Mont Alto State Forests. The 

 last three are collectively known as the South Mountain State 

 Forests. The eight contiguous State Forests which comprise all 

 the State-owned forest land located in the Seven Mountains in the 

 central part of the State are collectively known as the Seven 

 Mountain State Forests. 



The area in charge of one executive officer varies considerably 

 in size. This is true in the National Forests of the United States, 

 the State Forests of Pennsylvania, and the State Forests in the 

 different States of Germany, where forestry has been practised 

 for almost two centuries. The State Forests of Pennsylvania 

 vary from 4,145 acres (Nittany State Forest) to 60,000 acres 

 ( Sinnamahoning State Forest). 'r:.<"ir average area is about 

 20,000 acres. A large number of factor: influence the size of a 

 State Forest, i. e., the area placed in charge of a Forester. The 

 following are the most important factors. 



1 . Intensity and Kind of Management. 



The more intensive the management the smaller should be the 

 area under one Forester or in one executive charge. The kind of 

 operations which the annual budget contains and the amount of 

 money allotted for them indicate in part the intensity of manage- 

 ment. State Forests which are very productive and yield high 

 returns should be smaller than those which yield little and are 

 practically unproductive. It is quite evident that a Forester can 

 handle a much larger area under extensive management which 

 consists mainly of informing the public concerning the importance 

 of forestry, protecting the area from organic and inorganic agen- 

 cies, regulating the cutting operations, planting unproductive 

 areas, and waiting watchfully for the economic time and the de- 

 velopment of public sentiment, than he could handle under inten- 

 sive management, which considers in addition to the above 

 enumerated fundamentals also such technical subjects as incre- 

 ment, the determination and regulation of the yield, the subdivi- 

 sion of the forest, age-class and growing stock conditions, etc. 

 The development of a Demonstration Forest is contemplated in 



