Sice of State Forests 529 



larger area than the absence of it. The more important State 

 Forests are now well equipped with telephone communication. 



From the above classification one can see that the number 

 of factors which influence the size of the area under one execu- 

 tive officer are many. It is impossible to classify the factors 

 in order of their importance. Their importance varies with the 

 general environment of the area. In some cases it is the conjoint 

 influence of a number of factors, rather than the influence of a 

 single factor. These factors have their influence under intensive 

 as well as under conservative and extensive management. On 

 account of these numerous factors and their influence under all 

 kinds of management, one can never expect to have State Forests 

 of equal size. 



We have been and are still learning much from German ex- 

 periences and experimentations in forestry. The executive man- 

 ager of a forest in Germany is known as a Forstmeister or Ober- 

 forster, in the National Forests of the United States as a Forest 

 Supervisor, and in the State Forests of Pennsylvania as a For- 

 ester. The average acreage under the charge of one of these 

 executive managers in several states of Germany is given below : 



Stale. Area in Acres. 



Saxony 4,130 



Hesse 5,000 



Wurttemberg 6,175 



Braunschweig 6,250 



Oldenburg 8,000 



Bavaria 8,250 



Baden 9,000 



Prussia 11,500 



Alsace Lorraine 14,000 



The average area under one executive manager or in one 

 executive charge varies from State to State and changes from 

 year to year in the same State. In 1908 it was 7,700 acres in the 

 State of Bavaria, and in 1911 is was increased to 8,250 acres. 

 These average figures for various States are interesting and in- 

 structive, but they do not give one any idea of the variation 

 in size of forests in charge of one executive officer within one 



