560 Forestry Quarterly 



First, the sapwood being practically uninjured, the mineral 

 food must have passed from the roots to the leaves. 



Second, because the lower portion ceased to grow^ vv^e know 

 that food necessary for growth had no means of passage from 

 the leaves ; or at least growth was infinitesimal, while enough food 

 must have passed to keep the roots alive. 



The answer to the third question regarding the apparent non- 

 increase in size of the still growing section between the second 

 and third whorls, remains an enigma. 



If the injury to the tree were great enough and the root de- 

 velopment very much retarded a much reduced supply of mineral 

 food and especially water would be furnished. This supply 

 would be drawn upon to the usual amount by the leaves of the 

 first whorl of branches, and, only a scant supply being left for 

 their requirements, the upper leaves were not able to elaborate 

 sufficient food to that part of the trunk to enlarge it. 



A second case, also a White pine, presents even more inter- 

 esting features. This unusual specimen is still alive and all 

 its parts are thriving. It was originally a forked tree, one of 

 the forks having been severed from the mother tree, the man 

 in the picture touching this fork. Its history relates that in 

 1882, for the purpose of securing pitch, a large chip was cut 

 from beneath the fork of the branch now without support of 

 stump (about 2 1-2 feet from the ground), the cut, however, not 

 being of sufficient depth to entirely sever the branch from the 

 stem. It is not known at what time the complete separation 

 shown in the illustration occurred. (See frontispiece.) 



Natural grafting between the two forks has taken place in 

 three, probably four, places. The two branches of the forked 

 tree unite 8 feet above the severed end for a distance of 5 feet 

 4 inches. The second union is 2 feet 8 inches above the first, 

 and is 1 foot 8 inches long; while, again, 6 feet above this junc- 

 tion, the third graft is seen, where a large limb from the rooted 

 tree is joined to the severed branch almost at right angles. 



There are no live branches below the first junction on either 

 stem, and it is probable that the dead ones had ceased to live 

 before the cut was made, for the tree is found to have been grow- 

 ing in dense shade. The growth in height of crown of the 

 severed branch for the last decade averaged 7.5 inches per annum, 



