Forestry in Russia 569 



Milling operations in Russia are on a much smaller scale than 

 in this country. In Archangels 2 T 5,000 cubic feet is a good 

 average cut for one mill. 



In Northern Russia the usual top limit for cutting is 5 inch 

 with a log length of 20 feet, though this last may vary. After 

 cutting, in North and East Russia, the logs are driven to the 

 mills in streams. In West Russia there is some river driving, 

 but the usual means of transportation is here by canals and rail- 

 roads, while in Central Russia the only means of transportation 

 is by railroads. 



The net annual income of the Russian National Forests is 

 $40,000,000 to $45,000,000. 



Matmgement. There are ten divisions for management work 

 and making of working plans. Each division has a chief called 

 a Revisor of Management, and this chief has three or four assist- 

 ants. These so-called "Taxators" perform the necessary field 

 work with the assistance of two technical men and several 

 laborers to aid in running the compass, chaining, etc. The chief 

 of the management division visits the forest in queston to deter- 

 mine if the method is satisfactory. If so, he sends the prelimi- 

 nary plan to the Department of Forestry at St. Petersburg. 

 Before the field work is started a conference is held between the 

 District Forester or Revisor, the Chief of the Management Divi- 

 sion, the Taxator and the Supervisor. After one and one-half 

 years the working plan is supposed to be completed and is sent 

 to the Department of Forestry which, in turn, sends it to the 

 Forest Special Committee in St. Petersburg. Reports of this 

 Committee must be sent to the Vice-Secretary of Agriculture for 

 his approval or disapproval. It is composed of ten to fifteen 

 members, the chairman at present being Mr. Orloff, Professor 

 of Management and Mensuration in the Imperial Forest Insti- 

 tute — the best man in his line in Russia. One member must 

 read the plan and bring up the main points in one of the com- 

 mittee meetings, when it is either accepted or rejected, and if the 

 latter is the case, the working plan must be modified or in some 

 instances entirely reconstructed. 



In Central Russia the minimum cost of making a working 

 plan is from four to five cents per acre and up to 7 cents, which 

 includes maps, survey and the necessary mensuration work. 



