572 Forestry Quarterly 



nection with logging operations, because the sections cut under 

 such conditions are of varying length, and usually too long for 

 accuracy. It is thought that too many errors arise from inter- 

 polation. 



The length of sections into which the tree is cut for investi- 

 gative work varies from one to three meters, according to the 

 accuracy desired. Frequently the sections are only one meter 

 long. Sometimes the wood is used for fuel, but usually it is 

 left to rot after all the desired data has been obtained. 



The diameter at each section is taken north and south, east 

 and west, and in the direction of the prevailing winds. The 

 direction of the longest and shortest diameters and radii are also 

 recorded. When sections are longer than one meter, taper 

 measurements are taken at this interval throughout the length 

 of the stem. 



In computing the volume of the tree at different ages, the 

 formula for the paraboloid is employed. Thus, the tree is com- 

 puted as a single length, and is not divided into sections com- 

 puting the stump, logs and top by different formulae as in this 

 country. 



The Pressler increment borer is used in rough work only. For 

 accurate work it has been found very unsatisfactory. 



The Russian method of curving the growth data is much the 

 same as ours. A great deal of stress is laid upon form factors 

 and annual growth per cent. The growth is usually shown in 

 tables by decades. 



Nursery Practice. Russian nursery practice is nearly the 

 same as that in vogue in this country. Most of their methods 

 have been obtained from Germany. Sometimes the "transplant 

 board" and "trencher" are used for transplanting, while some- 

 times "dibbling" is practised, or a notched board is laid along 

 the edge of a trench, into which the seedlings are placed by 

 hand. The term for the transplant bed is the "school," taken 

 from the German. 



Very little water is given to nursery stock which is to be 

 planted on xerophytic sites, because it is considered best to get 

 the stock as well adapted to dry conditions as possible before it is 

 planted on such a site. 



It was found in one of the Russian nurseries at one time that 



